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Gynostemma
''Gynostemma'' is a genus of perennial climbing vines in the cucumber, gourd, and melon family, comprising at least 19 species, all native to the tropical East or Far East, inclusive of the Himalayas: China (with 9 endemic); the islands of Japan; Malaysia; and New Guinea. The term ''Gynostemma'' is derived from Ancient Greek γυνή meaning "woman" or "female",〔Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). ''A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press.〕 and στέμμα meaning "wreath" or "garland".〔 In (post-)classical Latin the form ''stemma'' is attested as Greek loanword.〔Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879). ''A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press.〕〔Saalfeld, G.A.E.A. (1884). ''Tensaurus Italograecus. Ausführliches historisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der Griechischen Lehn- und Fremdwörter im Lateinischen.'' Wien: Druck und Verlag von Carl Gerold's Sohn, Buchhändler der Kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften.〕 In Ancient Greek and Latin, ''stemma'' is of neuter gender.〔〔 German-Dutch botanist Carl Ludwig Blume described ''Gynostemma'' from two species he named:〔Original text by 〕 ''G. pedata'' (later changed, to ''pedatum'')〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Name - ''Gynostemma pedatum'' Blume )〕 and ''G. simplicifolia'' (also later changed, to ''simplicifolium'').〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Name - !''Gynostemma simplicifolium'' Blume )〕 Neither species was clearly designated by him as the type; however, the former species, ''G. pedatum'' is now considered to be a synonym of ''G. pentaphyllum'' (Thunb.) Makino. The genus was published in 1825, in ''Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië'' ("''Contributions to the flora of Netherlands India''").〔〔 ==General description== All species of ''Gynostemma'' have tendrils (usually branching); most are dioecious. The leaves are usually in palmately arrayed leaflets (3–9, ovate-lanceolate in shape), arranged alternately on the stem; a few species are leaved, but without leaflets. Inflorescences are either racemose or paniculate. Fruits can be capsular or pea-like, containing two or three seeds.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gynostemma」の詳細全文を読む
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