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Gyorin (lit. "neighborly relations") was a neo-Confucian term developed in Joseon Korea. The term was intended to identify and characterize a diplomatic policy which establishes and maintains amicable relations with neighboring states. It was construed and understood in tandem with a corollary term, which was the ''sadae'' or "serving the great" policy towards Imperial China.〔Yim Min-Hyeok. ( "The Establishment of Literati Governance Society in Early Joseon, and Its Continuation," ) ''The Review of Korean Studies,'' Vol. 8, No. 2 (June 20050, pp. 223-254.〕 Confucian learning contributed in the formation of ''gyorin'' and ''sadae'' as ritual, conceptual and normative frameworks for construing interactions and political decision-making.〔Steben, Barry D. ( "The Transmission of Neo-Confucianism to the Ryukyu (Liuqiu) Islands and Its Historical Significance: Ritual and Rectification of Names in a Bipolar Authority Field," p. 54. ) National University of Singapore.〕 ==Multi-national foreign policy== The rationale expressed by ''gyorin'' was applied to a multi-national foreign policy.〔 (사대교린 (조선 외교), Britannica online Korea )〕 Scholarly writing about the Joseon dynasty has tended to focus on diplomatic relations with China and Japan, but the intermediary nature of ''gyorin'' contacts—for example, Joseon-Ryukyuan diplomatic and trading contacts—were important as well.〔Kim, Chun-gil. (''The History of Korea,'' pp. 76-77; ) Oh Youngkyo. ( "State of Research on the Late Period of the Choson Dynasty," ) Yonsei University.〕 Envoys from the Ryūkyū Kingdom were received by Taejo of Joseon in 1392, 1394 and 1397. Siam sent an envoy to Taejo's court in 1393.〔Goodrich, L. Carrington ''et al.'' (1976). ( ''Dictionary of Ming biography, 1368-1644'' (明代名人傳), Vol. II, p. 1601. )〕 The long-term, strategic ''gyorin'' policy played out in bilateral diplomacy and trade dealings with Jurchen, Japan, Ryūkyū Kingdom, Siam and others.〔Kim, ( pp. 76-77; ) (Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch ) (RASKB): ( Yi Sugwang with Vietnamese counterpart Phùng Khắc Khoan in 1597. )〕 Over time, diplomatic and trade policies were perceived by Joseon's partners as the traditional door through which trends in neo-Confucian philosophical principles were recognized.〔Steben, p. 57.〕 The Joseon kingdom made every effort to maintain a friendly bilateral relationship with China for reasons having to do with both ''realpolitik'' and a more idealist Confucian worldview wherein China was seen as the center of a Confucian moral universe.〔Mansourov, Alexandre Y. ("Will Flowers Bloom without Fragrance? Korean-Chinese Relations," ) ''Harvard Asia Quarterly'' (Spring 2009).〕 Joseon diplomacy was no less aware and sensitive to ''realpolitik'' in the implementation of ''gyorin'' policy. The unique nature of ''gyorin'' bilateral diplomatic exchanges evolved from a conceptual framework developed by the Chinese. Gradually, the theoretical models would be modified, mirroring the evolution of a unique relationship.〔Toby, Ronald P. (1991). ( ''State and Diplomacy in Early Modern Japan: Asia in the Development of the Tokugawa Bakufu,'' p. 87. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gyorin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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