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Gyro (food)
A gyro or gyros (:ˈʝiros)〔The Greek pronunciation is given here; however, the word is commonly pronounced in English several different ways, including: , , , or .〕 (, ''gyros'', literally 'turn') is a Greek dish made of meat cooked on a vertical rotisserie, normally beef, veal, mutton, pork or chicken, or other alternatives such as feta or haloumi cheese, and usually served in a pita or sandwich, with tomato, onion, and tzatziki sauce.
To make gyros, pieces of meat are placed on a tall vertical rotisserie, in the shape of an inverted cone, which turns slowly in front of a source of heat, usually an electric broiler. If the meat is not fatty enough, strips of fat are added so that the roasting meat always remains moist and crisp. The rate of roasting can be adjusted by varying the strength of the heat and the distance between the heat and the meat, allowing the cook to adjust to varying rates of consumption. The outside of the meat is sliced vertically in thin, crisp shavings when done. It is generally served in an oiled, lightly grilled piece of pita, rolled up with various salads and sauces.
==Name==
The name comes from Greek γύρος ('turn'), a calque of the Turkish ''döner'' meaning "turn",〔Babiniotis, ''Λεξικό της Ελληνικής Γλώσσας''〕 the name formerly used in Greece and spelled ντονέρ (:doˈner).〔Aglaia Kremezi and Anissa Helou, "What's in a Dish's Name", "Food and Language", ''Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery'', 2009, ISBN 190301879X〕 The word 'ντονέρ' was criticized in Greece for being Turkish,〔Γιάκωβος Σ. Διζικιρικής, Να ξετουρκέψουμε τη γλώσσα μας 'Let Us De-Turkify our Language', Athens 1975, p. 62, proposes substituting 'γυριστό' for 'ντονέρ', but the ''New York Times'' was already using the word ''gyro'' in English in 1971 (4 Sept. 23/1) according to the ''OED'', 1993 online edition, (''s.v.'' )〕 and the word 'gyros' was coined to replace it.〔
The Greek pronunciation is , but the pronunciation in English is often or, occasionally or .〔"Jack in the Box rolls Greek gyro in 600 units", ''Nation's Restaurant News'', December 21, 1992. (article )〕 The final 's' of the Greek form is often reinterpreted as a plural in English, leading to the formation of the singular "gyro".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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