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Habforce was a British Army military unit created during the Anglo-Iraqi War and still active during the Syria-Lebanon Campaign. ==Creation and composition== ''Habforce'', short for "Habbaniya Force",〔Jackson, p. 152〕 was created from forces available in the British Mandate of Palestine in order to relieve RAF Habbaniya. On 4 May 1941, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill ordered General Sir Archibald Wavell, Commander-in-Chief of Middle East Command, to create this force.〔Lyman, p. 16〕 RAF Habbaniya was a Royal Air Force station at Habbaniya in the Kingdom of Iraq. As of 30 April, the small British garrison at Habbaniya had been under siege by strong Iraqi forces loyal to Rashid Ali. On 1 April, Rashid Ali and his anti-British supporters had staged a coup against the pro-British government of Regent Amir Abdul Illah and relations between the British and the government of Rashid Ali quickly deteriorated until, on 2 May, the British launched pre-emtive air attacks throughout Iraq. ''Habforce''〔Lyman, p. 19〕 was commanded by Major-General J.G.W. Clark.〔Martin, p. 44〕 During the Anglo-Iraqi War, ''Habforce'' was organized into two parts: a flying column named ''Kingcol'' and the main body. The main body, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel J. S. Nichols, comprised the Headquarters 1st Cavalry Division (elements),〔Martin, p. 44〕 the 1st Battalion Essex Regiment, the 60th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, and one Battery of anti-tank guns, Royal Artillery. A detachment of the Arab Legion initially advanced ahead of ''Kingcol''.〔Young, p. 7〕 ''Habforce'' was employed again during the Syria-Lebanon Campaign, In Syria, ''Habforce'' comprised 4th Cavalry Brigade, the 1st Battalion Essex Regiment, the Arab Legion Mechanized Regiment, the 237th Battery 60th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, an Australian battery of 2 pounder anti-tank guns, and the 169th Light Anti-aircraft Battery. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Habforce」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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