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Haerlempjes refer to a specific genre of landscape painting that includes a view of Haarlem (formerly spelled ''Haerlem''). It is used most often to refer to Jacob van Ruisdael's panoramic views of the city, but the term is derived from mentions in Haarlem archives as a type of painting included in household inventories.〔'Woonplaats op een hoogte', Haerlem Jaarboek (1994), Historische Werkgroep Haerlem, pp 23-34〕 The diminutive suffix "pje" would denote a small, cabinet-sized painting, but even the largest landscapes may be referred to as ''Haerlempjes'' today. ==Background== In his biography of Albert van Ouwater, Karel van Mander claimed that ''It is said from the mouths of the oldest painters, that landscape painting originated in Haarlem''.〔("Daer wort oock gheseyt en getuyght, uyt de monden der oudtste Schilders, dat te Haerlem is van oudts ontstaen, en begonnen de beste en eerste maniere van Landtschap te maken." ) in Van Mander's Schilder-boeck in the Digital Library for Dutch Literature〕 Van Mander was writing in 1604 for his Haarlem-sponsored Schilder-boeck, and his was one of many initiatives to rebuild the city and glorify its history. After his book was published, the city attracted several landscape painters in the 1620s, including Esaias van de Velde, Jan van Goyen and the Ruisdael brothers Salomon and Isaack. Haarlem is a bustling city today that makes up part of the Randstad area of the Netherlands, so it helps when looking at these old paintings to orient oneself according to old maps. File:Tho Thomasz 1578-Haarlem.png|Map of Haarlem after the siege in 1578, showing the damage from fire File:Willem Outgertsz Akersloot - map of Haarlem in Samuel Ampzings Lof der stad Haerlem 1628 - RP-P-BI-42.jpg|Map from 1628 File:Blaeu 1652 - Haarlem.jpg|Map from 1652 File:Atlas de Wit 1698-pl015-Haarlem-KB PPN 145205088.jpg|Map from 1698 Hobbyists love to look at older Haarlem cityscapes and pick out features such as steeples and boats.〔(Website for 2014 exhibition ) by North Holland Archives showing Haarlem skyline photos superimposed on a map〕 For paintings traditionally called Haerlempjes, such features have been proven to be based more on historical accuracy rather than artist fantasy.〔''Topografische identificatie van een aantal Haerlempjes van Jacob van Ruisdael'', by Pieter Biesboer, published in: ''Textiel aan het Spaarne : Haarlem : van linnen damast tot zijden linten'', Textielcommissie Nederland, Amsterdam, 1997 ISBN 978-90-800872-1-7〕 Though fantasy cityscapes were popular in the Netherlands throughout the 17th-century, these seem to be more often pastiches of southern harbours or italianate landscapes, rather than places that artists had conceivably visited. Today, for example, it is assumed that Jacob van Ruisdael worked in Bentheim because he painted many accurate views of the castle there. However, he often painted such castle views situated in a fantasy landscape on a mountain top, though the castle is in fact situated in low rolling countryside. In Haarlem, though he painted many ''dunescapes'' of the Kennemerland area, he never turned those dunes into mountains. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haerlempjes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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