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Halimococcidae
Halimococcidae is a family of scale insects in the order Hemiptera. Members of the family are commonly known as pupillarial palm scales or halimococcids. Most species are found on the leaves of palm trees where they suck sap, but some species occur on Pandanus. The family was named by Brown and McKenzie in 1962 〔Brown, S.W. & McKenzie, H.L. 1962. Evolutionary patterns in the armored scale insects and their allies (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae, Phoenicococcidae, and Asterolecaniidae). Hilgardia 33: 141-170. ()〕 and includes five known genera and twenty one species.〔Miller, D. R., Gimpel, M. E. and Rung, A. ''Systematic Catalogue of the Cerococcidae, Halimococcidae, Kermesidae, Micrococcidae, Ortheziidae, Phenacoleachiidae, Phoenicococcidae, and Stictococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the World''〕
==Morphology==
The body of the palm scale is normally dark brown or black and pyramid-shaped, although some species are circular or elliptical. The body is flattened ventrally and is dorsally convex, with the posterior end being constricted with a protruding operculum. The female remains inside the second instar while producing a hardened test. The exuviae then rupture ventrally and disintegrate, often leaving portions behind which become incorporated into the test.〔Köhler, G. 1987. Redescription and life-cycle properties of Colobopyga coperniciae Ferris, 1952 (Coccoidea: Halimococcidae) -- an endemic palm scale from Cuba. Zoologischer Anzeiger, Jena 219: 113-125〕 Most palm scale species do not secrete wax but some species have lateral, filamentous strands.〔(APHIS: Family: Eriococcidae )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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