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Haltwhistle is a small town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, situated east of Brampton, near Hadrian's Wall, and the villages of Plenmeller, Rowfoot and Melkridge. It has a population of 3,811,〔(Office for National Statistics : ''Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Tynedale'' ) Retrieved 2009-09-18〕 decreasing to 3,791 at the 2011 Census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Parish population 2011 )〕 Well constructed, stone-built houses are still a feature of central Haltwhistle, and though there are none outstanding architecturally the general appearance of the groups is harmonious. The houses were built of local stone, but with the railway, other materials could be brought in.〔 It is one of two settlements in Great Britain which claim to be the exact geographic centre of the island, along with Dunsop Bridge in Lancashire, located to the south. ==The name== The name of Haltwhistle has nothing to do with a railway stop. Early forms of the name are Hautwesel (1240), Hautwysel (1254), Hawtewysill (1279), Hautwysell 〔Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives; CP 40/483; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT6/R2/CP40no483/483_0910.htm; third entry, second line, where Gilbert Thomson lived 〕 (1381), Haltwesell (Speede 1610). The second part -twistle relates to two streams or rivers. It derives from two Old English words ''twicce'' or ''twise'', 'twice', 'division into two' and ''wella'', 'stream, brook'. The second word is reduced in the compound word to ''ull'', making ''twicculla'', ''twisella''. All but one of the examples in place names represent a high tongue of land between two streams where they join. The first part is probably derived from Old English ''hēafod'', here 'hill-top', in general, 'head', 'headland', 'summit', 'upper end' or 'source of a stream'. If so, it describes the hill-top on which Holy Cross Church and the oldest part of Haltwhistle was built, enclosed on the north-east and west by Haltwhistle Burn and on the south by the South Tyne. Rowland suggests Hal from 'hill' An suggestion is French ''haut-'', meaning 'high',〔(The North East England History Pages )〕 since the settlement already existed long before the Norman Conquest. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haltwhistle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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