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Witch-hazel
Witch-hazel (''Hamamelis,'' )〔''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607〕 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hamamelidaceae, with three species in North America (''H. ovalis'',〔(''Hamamelis ovalis'' S. W. Leonard (2006) ), GRIN Taxonomy for Plants〕 ''H. virginiana'' and ''H. vernalis''), and one each in Japan (''H. japonica'') and China (''H. mollis''). The North American species are occasionally called winterbloom.〔Noted in Ernest Thompson Seton, ''The Book of Woodcraft and Indian Lore'' (1921:422), but rare.〕〔http://www.witchhazel.com/about.htm Dickinson's Witch Hazel, commercially available witch hazel-based products〕 ==Growth== The witch-hazels are deciduous shrubs or (rarely) small trees growing to tall, rarely to tall. The leaves are alternately arranged, oval, long and broad, with a smooth or wavy margin. The genus name, ''Hamamelis'', means "together with fruit", referring to the simultaneous occurrence of flowers with the maturing fruit from the previous year.〔(Hiker's Notebook: Witch Hazel )〕 ''H. virginiana'' blooms in September-November while the other species bloom from January-March. Each flower has four slender strap-shaped petals long, pale to dark yellow, orange, or red. The fruit is a two-part capsule long, containing a single glossy black seed in each of the two parts; the capsule splits explosively at maturity in the autumn about 8 months after flowering, ejecting the seeds with sufficient force to fly for distances of up to , thus another alternative name "Snapping Hazel".〔
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