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Hamantash
A hamantash ((イディッシュ語:המן טאש), also spelled hamentasch, pl. ''hamantashen'' or ''hamentaschen'') is a filled-pocket cookie or pastry recognizable for its triangular shape, usually associated with the Jewish holiday of Purim. The shape is achieved by folding in the sides of a circular piece of dough, with a filling placed in the center. Hamantashen are made with many different fillings, including poppy seed (the oldest and most traditional variety), prunes, nut, date, apricot, raspberry, raisins, apple, fruit preserves in a lekvar style, cherry, fig, chocolate, dulce de leche, halva, or even caramel or cheese.〔(Epi Log: The latest in Food News, the Culinary Arts & Cooking )〕 Their formation varies from hard pastry to soft doughy casings.
==Other names==
''Hamantash'' is also spelled ''hamentasch'', ''homentash'', ''homentasch'', or even ''(h)umentash''. The name "hamantash" is commonly known as a reference to Haman, the villain of Purim, as described in the Book of Esther. The pastries are supposed to symbolize the defeated enemy of the Jewish people, and thus resemble the three-cornered hat of Haman".〔(''Purim, ''Jewish Encyclopedia, 1906 ), 'In this connection it may be mentioned that for the celebration of Purim there developed among the Jews a special kind of baking. Cakes were shaped into certain forms and were given names having some symbolic bearing on the historical events of Purim. Thus the Jews of Germany eat "Hamantaschen" and "Hamanohren" (in Italy, "orrechi d'Aman"), "Kreppchen," "Kindchen," etc.'〕 The word ''tasch'' means "pouch" or "pocket" in Germanic languages, and thus the reference may instead be to "Haman's pockets", symbolizing the money which Haman offered to Ahasuerus in exchange for permission to destroy the Jews. ''Naked Archaeologist'' documentarian Simcha Jacobovici has shown the resemblance of hamantaschen to dice from the ancient Babylonian Royal Game of Ur, thus suggesting that the pastries are meant to symbolize the pyramidal shape of the dice cast by Haman in determining the day of destruction for the Jews. Another possible source of the name is a folk etymology: the original Yiddish word מאָן־טאַשן (''montashn'') or the German word ''Mohntaschen'', both meaning poppyseed-filled pouches,〔(MyJewishLearning.com - Holidays: Purim Foods )〕 was transformed to Hamantaschen, likely by association with Haman. This use of "-tasche" in reference to filled pouches of dough is common in modern German, e.g. in "Teigtasche", "Apfeltasche", "Maultasche". In Israel, Hamantaschen are called Oznei Haman ((ヘブライ語:אוזני המן)), Hebrew for "Haman's ears" in reference to their defeated enemy's ears.
; Plural
The word "hamantash" is singular; "hamantashen" is plural and is the word form more commonly used. However, many people refer to these pastries as hamantashen even in the singular (for example, "I ate an apricot hamantashen").
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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