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Hamsanadam : ウィキペディア英語版
Hamsanadam

Hamsanadam (pronounced hamsanādam) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a pentatonic scale (''audava'' rāgam, which means "of 5"), as it is sung in current days.〔''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras〕 It is a derived scale (''janya'' rāgam), as it does not have all the seven ''swaras'' (musical notes), from the 60th ''Melakarta'' rāgam ''Neetimati''.〔
== Structure and Lakshana ==

''Hamsanadam'', as it is sung now-a-days, is a symmetric scale that does not contain ''gandharam'' and ''dhaivatam''. It is called an ''audava'' rāgam,〔 in Carnatic music classification (as it has 5 notes in both ascending and descending scales). Its ''ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa'' structure is as follows (see ''swaras'' in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
*ārohaṇa : S R2 M2 P N3 S
*avarohaṇa : S N3 P M2 R2 S
This scale uses the notes ''shadjam, chatusruti rishabham, prati madhyamam, panchamam'' and ''kakali nishadam''.

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