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Hanif
Ḥanīf ((アラビア語:حنيف), '; plural: حنفاء, ') meaning "revert" refers to one who, according to Islamic belief, maintained the pure monotheism of the patriarch Abraham. More specifically, in Islamic thought, they are the people who, during the period known as the Pre-Islamic period or Age of Ignorance, were seen to have rejected idolatry and retained some or all of the tenets of the religion of Abraham (, ''Ibrāhīm'') which was "submission to God" (''Allah'') in its purest form.
==Etymology and history of the term==
The term is from the Arabic root ' meaning "to incline, to decline" (Lane 1893) from the Syriac root of the same meaning. The ' is the law of Ibrahim; the verb ' means "to turn away from ()". In the verse 3:67 of the Quran it has also been translated as "upright person" and outside the Quran as "to incline towards a right state or tendency".
It appears to have been used earlier by Jews and Christians in reference to 'pagans' and applied to followers of an old Hellenized Syro-Arabian religion and used to taunt early Muslims.
Others maintained that they followed the "...religion of Ibrahim, the hanif, the Muslim..." It has been theorized by Watt that the verbal term Islam, arising from the participle form of Muslim (meaning: surrendered to God), may have only arisen as an identifying descriptor for the religion in the late Medinan period.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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