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Haootia
''Haootia quadriformis'' is an extinct animal belonging to the Ediacaran biota. Estimated to be about 560 million years old, ''H. quadriformis'' is identified as a cnidarian polyp, and is regarded as the earliest animal possessing muscles. Discovered in 2008 from Newfoundland in eastern Canada, it was formally described in 2014. It is the first Ediacaran organism discovered to show fossil of muscle fibres. Structural comparison of the muscles and morphology indicate that the animal is a cnidarian, though, which class ''H. quadriformis'' belongs to is currently undetermined.
== Discovery and name ==
''Haootia quadriformis'' fossil was discovered from lower Fermeuse Formation of Back Cove, Bonavista Peninsula in Newfoundland. It was originally unearthed by Martin D. Brasier of the University of Oxford in 2008. However, the specimen was not allowed to be removed according to provincial law in Newfoundland, so that only a plaster cast was made. The cast (plastotype) is maintained in the collections of the Oxford University Museum of Natural History. The actual fossil specimen, or holotype, remains on the north shore of Back Cove, roughly 1.8 km NNW of Melrose town. A second, incomplete specimen was also discovered in the Trepassey Formation of Burnt Point, Bonavista Peninsula.
The genus named ''Haootia'' is derived from the Beothuk word ''Haoot'', meaning "demon," to signify the striking appearance of the holotype. The specific name ''quadriformis'' is a combination of Latin words ''quadri'', meaning "fourfold", and ''formis'', for "form", relating to the quadrilateral symmetry of the body.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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