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In J. R. R. Tolkien's epic fantasy legendarium detailing lands within Middle Earth ''"Harad (Sindarin: ''South'', in Quenya: Hyarmen) was the name for the immense lands south of Gondor and Mordor. Called Haradwaith from the people who lived there, it literally means "South-folk", from the Sindarin ''harad'', "South" and ''gwaith'', "people". It is also referred to as the Sunlands. Aragorn's brief description of Haradwaith - "Harad where the stars are strange" suggests that Harad is close to or in the southern hemisphere, as the world is a globe by the time of ''The Lord of the Rings'' and not flat as it was before the Fall of Númenor. To the east of Harad lay the land of Khand. Historically its northern border was held to be the river Harnen, but by the time of the War of the Ring all the land south of the river Poros was under the influence of the Haradrim. Harad had jungle and desert regions. In its jungles lived animals known as ''mûmakil'', which were elephant-like but larger and more aggressive. ==Haradrim== () The Men of Harad were called Haradrim, "South-multitude", or Southrons. "Haradrim" was merely a Gondorian generic description of any of the men that came from south of their borders. They are a collection of proud and warlike races. They are a race of Men and can be extremely unpredictable, especially with the war mumak of Harad. Harad's tribes included into those of Near and Far Harad, although there were many tribes of the Haradrim, often mutually hostile. During the Second Age the Haradrim first came into contact with the Men of Númenor, a great island-nation apart from Middle-earth. At first, the Númenoreans came as friends and teachers, but later the Kings of Númenor grew hungry for wealth and power and established territories in Middle-earth. They built a great city in the firth of Umbar, a vast natural harbour on the southern shores of the Bay of Belfalas, and eventually turned the city into a fortified citadel from whose gates they levied great tributes upon the tribes of Harad. Many of the Haradrim were killed or sold into slavery. From the latter part of the Second Age Númenóreans dominated many of the Men of Harad as well as many other peoples whose lands included a coastline. Shortly before the War of the Last Alliance, two Númenórean lords, named as Herumor and Fuinur, "rose to great power amongst the Haradrim", but their ultimate fate is not recorded. For many centuries of the Third Age, many Haradrim were still ruled by Black Númenórean Lords, or further north by the Kings of Gondor. But ultimately Harad fell under the influence of Mordor for much of the Age. The Haradrim began to cooperate with the Corsairs of Umbar increasingly from 1540 onwards, and were joined by the Corsairs for the Battle of Pellenor Fields. At the time of the War of the Ring, the Southrons were in league with Sauron and fought alongside his orc army, riding atop gigantic, elephantine beasts called ''mûmakil''. One of the leaders of the Haradrim at the time of the War of the Ring bore a standard of a black serpent on a red field; King Théoden of Rohan slew him at the Battle of the Pelennor Fields in T.A. 3019. After the revival of the Reunited Kingdom of Gondor and Arnor in the Fourth Age, peace was made with Harad. The appearance of the Haradrim is somewhat ambiguous, but ''The Two Towers'' gives relatively detailed descriptions of at least some of them. Frodo and Sam encounter Faramir and his Rangers of Ithilien just before the latter ambush a company of Haradrim on the North Road. Frodo and Sam do not see much of the battle, since they are positioned elsewhere, but they hear the sounds of fighting, and a slain Harad warrior crashes at their feet. He is described as having brown skin, with black plaits of hair braided with gold. He wears a scarlet tunic, as do the other Haradrim, and a gold collar. He is armed with a scimitar and garbed with a corslet of brazen scales. Here Sam experiences his moment of empathy; also here they see a ''mûmak'', to Sam's terror and delight. Later, men of Far Harad are described as black-skinned, but there is also a group of them described as "black men like half-trolls with white eyes and red tongues" and "troll-men". It is unclear whether these were just large Men who are being compared to Trolls or some sort of crossbreed between the two races. Supporters of the latter interpretation point to the similar terms "half-orcs" and "goblin-men", appearing in the same book (chiefly in the second volume, "The Two Towers"), and "Orc-men" and "Man-orcs", appearing in later writings (published in ''Morgoth's Ring'') — all applied to the products of Sauron and Saruman's Orc/Man breeding programs. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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