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The Harivamsha (also Harivamsa; Sanskrit: ' , "the lineage of Hari (Vishnu)") is an important work of Sanskrit literature, containing 16,374 verses, mostly in ''Anustubh'' metre. The text is also known as the Harivamsha Purana. This text is believed to be a ''khila'' (appendix or supplement) to the Mahabharata〔(The Mahabharata in Sanskrit: Book I: Chapter 2 ) in sacred-texts.com website〕 and is traditionally ascribed to Veda Vyasa. The most celebrated commentary of the Mahabharata by Neelakantha Chaturdhara, the ''Bharata Bhava Deepa'' also covers the Harivamsha. According to Adi Parva,〔The Mahabharata, Book 1, Chapter 2, Verses 377-378; M.N. Dutt (Adi Parva ), page 21〕 the Harivamsha is divided into two ''parvas'' or books and had 12,000 verses. The manuscripts found in the 19th century in different parts of India included three books and are also known as puranas - the Harivamsha Purana, the Vishnu Purana and the Bhavishya Purana. These books are included with the eighteen Mahapuranas of the Mahabharata.〔(webᅵurl=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/mbs/mbs01002.htm The Mahabharata in Sanskrit: Book I: Chapter 2 ) in sacred-texts.com website〕 The first book of Harivamsa Parva describes the creation of the cosmos and the legendary history of the kings of the Solar and Lunar dynasties leading up to the birth of Krishna. Vishnu Parva recounts the history of Krishna up to the events prior to the Mahabharata.〔Maurice Winternitz (1981), History of Indian Literature, Vol. 1, Delhi, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-0836408010, pages 426-431〕 Bhavishya Parva, the third book, includes two alternate creation theories, hymns to Shiva and Vishnu, and provides a description of Kaliyuga.〔Maurice Winternitz (1981), History of Indian Literature, Vol. 1, Delhi, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-0836408010, pages 432-435〕 While the Harivamsha has been regarded as an important source of information on the origin of Visnu's incarnation Krishna, there has been speculation as to whether this text was derived from an earlier text and what its relationship is to the Brahma Purana, another text that deals with the origins of Krishna.〔Ruben 115.〕 ==Chronology== The bulk of the text is derived from two traditions, the ' tradition, that is, the "five marks" of the Purana corpus one of which is ' "genealogy", and stories about the life of Krishna as a herdsman. The text is complex, containing layers that goes back to the 1st or 2nd centuries BCE. The origin of this appendix is not precisely known but it is apparent that it was a part of the Mahabharata by the 1st century CE because "the poet Ashvaghosha quotes a couple of verses, attributing them to the ''Mahabharata'', which are now only found in the ''Harivamsa''" (Datta 1858). Hopkins considers the latest parva of Mahabharata. Hazra has dated the Purana to the 4th century CE on the basis of the description of Rasa lila in it. According to him, the Visnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana belong to the 5th century CE and 6th century CE respectively. According to Dikshit, the date of Matsya Purana is the 3rd century CE. When we compare the biography of Krishna, the account of Raji and some other episodes as depicted in the , it appears to be anterior to the former. Therefore the and the can be dated to at least the 3rd century CE. By its style and contents, the appears to be anterior to the and . The verses quoted by Asvaghosa belong to this parva. On this basis, we can safely assume the (except for the later interpolations) to be at least as old as the 1st century CE. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harivamsa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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