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Harran ((トルコ語:Harran), ,〔Tahir Sezen, ''Osmanlı Yer Adları (Alfabetik Sırayla)'', T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Yayın Nu 21, Ankara, p. 223.〕) was a major ancient city in Upper Mesopotamia whose site is near the modern village of Altınbaşak, Turkey, 44 kilometers southeast of Şanlıurfa. The location is in a district of Şanlıurfa Province that is also named "Harran". A few kilometers from the village of Altınbaşak are the archaeological remains of ancient Harran, a major commercial, cultural, and religious center first inhabited in the Early Bronze Age III (3rd millennium BCE) period. It was known as Ḫarrānu in the Assyrian period; possibly ''Ḫaran'' ((unicode:חָרָן)) in the Hebrew Bible; Carrhae (''Κάρραι'' in Greek) under the Roman and Byzantine empires; Hellenopolis ((unicode:῾Ελληνὀπολις) 'Greek city') in the Early Christian period; and Ḥarrān (حرّان) in the Islamic period.〔David Noel Freedman ''et al.'', ''Eerdmans dictionary of the Bible'' ''s.v.'' Haran〕〔''Encyclopedia of Islam'', ''s.v.'' Ḥarrān〕 ==History== The earliest records of Harran come from Ebla tablets (late 3rd millennium BCE).〔Holloway, Steven W. ''Aššur is King! Aššur is King! - Religion in the Exercise of Power in the Neo-Assyrian Empire'', BRILL, 2002, ISBN 9-004-12328-8, p.391〕 From these, it is known that an early king or mayor of Harran had married an Eblaite princess, Zugalum, who then became "queen of Harran", and whose name appears in a number of documents. It appears that Harran remained a part of the regional Eblaite kingdom for some time thereafter. Royal letters from the city of Mari on the middle of the Euphrates, have confirmed that the area around the Balikh river remained occupied in c. the 19th century BCE. A confederation of semi-nomadic tribes was especially active around the region near Harran at that time.〔G. Dossin, “Benjamites dans les Textes de Mari, “ ‘’Melanges Syriens Offerts a M. Rene Dussaud’’ (Paris, 1939), 986〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harran」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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