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Hasankeyf (, (アラビア語:حصن كيفا), (ギリシア語:Κιφας), , from ''Ḥéṣn Kayfa'') is an ancient town and district located along the Tigris River in the Batman Province in southeastern Turkey. It was declared a natural conservation area by Turkey in 1981. Predominantly Armenian and Arab before, a steady and significant Kurdish immigration from surrounding villages in the last 20–30 years - combined with the effects of the Armenian and Assyrian Genocide - has shifted the ethnic balance. Kurdish people form the majority of the city centre today. Much of the city and its archeological sites are at risk of being flooded with the completion of the Ilisu Dam. ==Toponymy== Hasankeyf is an ancient settlement that has borne many names from a variety of cultures during its history. The variety of these names is compounded by the many ways that non-Latin alphabets such as Syriac and Arabic can be transliterated. Underlying these many names is much continuity between cultures in the basic identification of the site. The city of ''Ilānṣurā'' mentioned in the Akkadian and Northwest Semitic texts of the Mari Tablets (1800–1750 BC) may possibly be Hasankeyf, although other sites have also been proposed. By the Roman period, the fortified town was known in Latin as ''Cephe'', ''Cepha'' or ''Ciphas'', a name that appears to derive from the Syriac word ܟܐܦܐ (''kefa'' or ''kifo''), meaning "rock". As the eastern and western portions of the Roman Empire split around AD 330, ''Κιφας'' (''Kiphas'') became formalized as the Greek name for this Byzantine bishopric. Following the Arab conquest of 640, the town became known under the Arabic name حصن كيفا (''Hisn Kayf''). "Hisn" means "fortress" in Arabic, so the name overall means "rock fortress". Western reports about the town before the 20th century refer to it by various names that are transliterated from Arabic or Ottoman Turkish. The most popular of these were ''Hisn Kaifa'' and ''Hisn Kayfa'', although a wide variety of others are used including ''(unicode:Ḥ)iṣn Kaifā'', ''(unicode:Ḥ)iṣn Kayfā'', ''(unicode:Ḥ)iṣn Kayfâ'', ''(unicode:Ḥ)iṣn Kīfā'', ''(unicode:Ḥ)iṣn Kîfâ'', ''Hisn Kayf'', ''Husn Kayfa'', ''Hassan-Keyf'', ''Hosnkeif'' and ''Husunkeïf''. Two early Armenian historians list additional names for the town: ''Harsenkev'' ((アルメニア語:Հարսնքվ)) is recorded by Matthew of Edessa (Mesrob Eretz) and ''Kentzy'' is recorded by P. Lucas Ingigian. As part of Atatürk's Reforms in the 1920s and 30s, many place names were modified to more Turkish-sounding forms and the town's official name was changed to ''Hasankeyf''. This version appears occasionally in foreign reports in the mid 20th-century but only becomes prevalent after about 1980. In the Kurmanji Kurdish language, the town is known as ''Heskîf''. Hasankeyin karsidan görünümü.jpg| Hasankeyfin Kalesinin Üstünden Görünümü(2004).jpg| Hasankeyfin eski yasam alanlari.jpg| Hasankeyf Tarihi Köprüsünün Kalintilarinin Kaleden görünümü.jpg| Hasankey Ulu Camis.jpg| Eski ve Yeni Hasankefin üsten görünümü.jpg| Hasankeyf eski köprüsünün kalintilari (2004).jpg| 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hasankeyf」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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