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Hashmallim (singular Hashmal) are angelic entities in both Judaism〔Rashi to (Ezekiel ) 1:4〕 and Christianity. They appear in the Hebrew Bible in Ezekiel 1:4: :I saw, and behold, there was a stormy wind coming from the north, a great cloud with flashing fire and a brilliance surrounding it; and from its midst, like the color of the Hashmal (translated electrum ) from the midst of the fire, and in its midst there was the likeness of four Chayot (living creatures). Hashmallim occupy the fourth rank of ten in Maimonides's exposition of the Jewish angelic hierarchy. Hashmallim also appear in the Christian angelic hierarchy. The Septuagint translates "hashmal" to "elektron," which means "amber" in English. Francis Bacon coined the English word "electricity" to describe the static electric effect of rubbing amber with cloth. Later, "hashmal" became the modern Hebrew word that translates to the English word "electricity." Jewish poet Judah Leib Gordon coined the modern Hebrew word.〔Gilad, Elon. ("Word of the Day / Hashmal." ) ''Haaretz''. 24 April 2013. 24 June 2013.〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hashmal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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