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Haunter
Haunter, known in Japan as , is a Pokémon species in Nintendo and Game Freak's ''Pokémon'' franchise. Designed by Game Freak and originally intended to be renamed Spectre for North American audiences, their name is a derivative of the verb "to haunt", and is both the singular and plural name of the species. First appearing in ''Pokémon Red'' and ''Blue'', they later appeared in subsequent sequels, spin-off titles such as ''Pokémon Snap'', merchandise related to the series, and both animated and printed adaptations of the franchise. In animated appearances, Haunter are voiced in Japanese by Toshiyuki Morikawa and in English localizations by Ted Lewis.
Haunter has been well received by the media, with groups such as IGN and GamesRadar praising its abilities and style, the former of which described it as superior to its stronger counterpart, Gengar. Its characterization within the game's setting has similarly met praise and been described as one of the more vivid aspects of the series, though at the same time the same characterization has drawn fire from several Christian groups in various books.
==Conception and design==
Developed by Game Freak and published by Nintendo, the ''Pokémon'' series began in Japan in 1996, and features several species of creatures called "Pokémon" that players, called "trainers", are encouraged to capture, train, and use to battle other players' Pokémon or interact with the game's world. Haunter was one of several different Pokémon designs conceived by Game Freak's character development team and finalized by artist Ken Sugimori. Called "Ghost" in Japanese, Nintendo decided to give the various Pokémon species "clever and descriptive names" related to their appearance or features when translating the game for western audiences as a means to make the characters more relatable to American children. Called "Spectre" in early drafts of the localization, the final version dubbed the species "Haunter", derived from the verb "to haunt".
Called the "Gas Pokémon", Haunter appears as a purple, levitating triangular creature, with three spikes extending from each side of its head, angled towards its backside and slightly upward. Its lower back ends in a larger cone-shaped tail, ending in a jagged edge on the sides and of nearly equal length of its body. Its face consists of two white triangular eyes and a wide, pink mouth with jagged teeth that blend into its body. Haunter's body levitates in the air while its sole appendages—two disembodied three-finger hands—hover in the air in front of it. Within the lore of the series, Haunter are described as hiding in very dark places such as graveyards and abandoned caves, stalking their prey. They attack prey by licking them with their tongue, causing paralysis and draining life energy, represented in the games by their "Lick" attack. Haunter can also turn intangible to pass through solid objects, or camouflage themselves as a floating purple orb. A Gastly Pokémon can transform, or "evolve", into Haunter, while Haunter in turn can evolve into a Gengar Pokémon. In the context of the games, this requires leveling up a Gastly to level twenty-five, and trading a Haunter to another player respectively.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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