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Heliocanthus
''Heliocanthus'' is the name of a problematic genus of aetosaur that has undergone many taxonomic revisions in recent years, and may prove to be synonymous with ''Rioarribasuchus''. Fossils have been found from the Chinle Formation in Arizona and New Mexico that date back to the upper Late Carnian stage of the Late Triassic.
==History==
The name ''Heliocanthus'' was first used as a generic replacement name for the aetosaur ''"Desmatosuchus" chamaensis'', named in 2003 and found from the Petrified Forest Member of the Chinle Formation in New Mexico.〔Zeigler, K. A., Heckert, A. B., and Lucas, S. G. (2003). A new species of ''Desmatosuchus'' (Archosauria:Aetosauria) from the Upper Triassic of the Chama Basin, north-central New Mexico. ''In:'' Heckert, A. B. and Lucas, S. G., eds., ''Upper Triassic Stratigraphy and Paleontology. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin No. 21''〕〔Parker, W. G. (2003). Description of a new specimen of ''Desmatosuchus haplocerus'' from the Late Triassic of Northern Arizona. Unpublished MS thesis. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff. 315 pp.〕 It was suggested to be more closely related to ''Paratypothorax''. However, this new generic name was first proposed in an unpublished thesis, and thus did not meet ICZN regulations for the naming of a new taxon. Later published papers reasserted the genetic separation of ''"D". chamaensis'' from ''Desmatosuchus'', but the name ''Heliocanthus'' remained a ''nomen nudum'' until 2007, where it was thoroughly rediscribed in a paper published by the ''Journal of Systematic Palaeontology''.〔Parker, W. G. (2007). Reassessment of the Aetosaur ''"Desmatosuchus" chamaensis'' with a reanalysis of the phylogeny of the Aetosauria (Archosauria:Pseudosuchia). ''Journal of Systematic Palaeontology'' 5:41–68.〕 However, a paper previously published in late 2006 assigned ''"D". chamaensis'' to the new genus ''Rioarribasuchus''.〔Lucas, S. G., Hunt, A. P., and Spielmann, J. A. (2006). ''Rioarribasuchus'', a new name for an aetosaur from the Upper Triassic of north-central New Mexico. ''In:'' Harris et al., eds., ''The Triassic-Jurassic Terrestrial Transition. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 37''.〕 As a result, ''Heliocanthus'' can be considered a junior synonym of ''Rioarribasuchus'' because the genus has seniority over ''Heliocanthus''. However, the name ''Rioarribasuchus'' has been viewed as a violation of the code of ethics laid out in Appendix A of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and the papers that made use of the name have even been described as practicing "intellectual theft".〔http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/dino/nm/timeline.html〕 An article published later in 2007 in the science blog ''Tetropod Zoology'' brought these events to the attention of a wider range of readers, and the controversy was dubbed "Aetogate".〔http://scienceblogs.com/tetrapodzoology/2007/04/post_2.php〕 This sparked continued debate regarding these issues among vertebrate paleontologists, which eventually led to an investigation by the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology into these issues and a response given in mid 2008 regarding the unethical conduct of the authors who described ''Rioarribasuchus''.〔http://www.vertpaleo.org/society/documents/ExecutiveCommitteestatement.pdf〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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