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Helsingør ((:hɛlseŋˈøɐ̯ˀ)), also known in English as Elsinore, is a city and the municipal seat of Helsingør Municipality on the northeast coast of the island of Zealand in eastern Denmark. Helsingør has a population of 46,492 (1 January 2015)〔("BEF44: Population 1st January, by urban areas" ) database from Statistics Denmark〕 including the southern suburbs of Snekkersten and Espergærde, and is the largest city and main shopping area in the North Zealand area with over a million visitors a year. It is known internationally for its castle Kronborg, where William Shakespeare's play ''Hamlet'' is set. Helsingør is an important ferry town as the HH Ferry route connects northeast Zealand with Sweden. ==History== The oldest known fortified building of Helsingør is ''Flynderborg'', an early medieval fortress situated on a hill just south of the medieval city. Around 1200, the first church, Saint Olaf's Church, was built.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Helsingør Turistbureau - Victoria Design )〕 A number of convents once surrounded the church, but now all that remains is the church building, today the cathedral of the Diocese of Helsingør. The oldest parts of the cathedral of Helsingør date back to the 13th century and tell us that the fishermen's village, as Helsingør was then, had grown to a town of importance. The name ''Helsingør'' is derived from the word ''hals'' meaning "neck" or "narrow strait", referring to the narrowest point of the ''Øresund'' (Øre Sound) between what is now Helsingør and Helsingborg, Sweden. The people were mentioned as ''Helsinger'' (which may mean "the people of the strait") for the first time in King Valdemar the Victorious's ''Liber Census Daniæ'' from 1231 (not to be confused with the Helsings of Hälsingland in Sweden).〔early records of Helsingør and Flynderborg ("possibly already mentioned by Saxo"): J. D. Qvist, ''Annaler for nordisk oldkyndighed'', Kongelige Nordiske oldskriftselskab, 1836, ( p. 306 )〕 Placenames show that the Helsinger may have had their main fort at Helsingborg and a fortified landing place at Helsingør, to control the ferry route across the strait. Helsingør as it is known today was founded in the 1420s by the Danish king Eric of Pomerania. He established the Sound Dues in 1429, meaning all foreign ships passing through the strait had to pay a toll, which constituted up to two-thirds of Denmark's state income. With this income Eric of Pomerania built the castle Krogen. The castle was expanded in the 1580s and renamed Kronborg. All ships had to stop in Helsingør to get their cargo taxed and pay a toll to the Danish Crown, but it also generated a significant trade for the town. In 1672 Helsingør had grown into the third biggest town in Denmark.〔() Danske byers historie gennem 1300 år〕 Johan Isaksson Pontanus (''Rerum Danicarum Historica'', 1631) attributes a long and partially fictitious history to Helsingør. The Sound Dues were abolished in 1857 with the Copenhagen Convention, where all naval nations agreed to pay a one-time fee. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Helsingør」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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