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Hep G2 is a human liver carcinoma cell line. Hep G2 is a perpetual cell line which was derived from the liver tissue of a 15-year-old Caucasian American male with a well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. These cells are epithelial in morphology, have a modal chromosome number of 55, and are not tumorigenic in nude mice.〔(Hep G2 ), American Type Culture Collection〕 The cells secrete a variety of major plasma proteins, e.g., albumin, transferrin, and the acute-phase proteins fibrinogen, alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, transferrin, and plasminogen. They have been grown successfully in large-scale cultivation systems. Hepatitis B virus surface antigens have not been detected. HepG2 will respond to stimulation with human growth hormone. HepG2 cells are a suitable ''in vitro'' model system for the study of polarized human hepatocytes. (Another well-characterized polarized hepatocyte cell line is the rat hepatoma-derived hybrid cell line WIF-B). With the proper culture conditions, HepG2 cells display robust morphological and functional differentiation with a controllable formation of apical and basolateral cell surface domains (van IJzendoorn et al., 1997; 2000, etc.) that resemble the bile canalicular (BC) and sinusoidal domains, respectively, ''in vivo''. Because of their high degree of morphological and functional differentiation ''in vitro'', HepG2 cells are a suitable model to study the intracellular trafficking and dynamics of bile canalicular and sinusoidal membrane proteins and lipids in human hepatocytes ''in vitro''. This can be important for the study of human liver diseases that are caused by an incorrect subcellular distribution of cell surface proteins, e.g., hepatocanalicular transport defects such as Dubin-Johnson Syndrome and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC), and familial hypercholesterolemia. HepG2 cells and their derivatives are also used as a model system for studies of liver metabolism and toxicity of xenobiotics , the detection of environmental and dietary cytotoxic and genotoxic (and thus cytoprotective, anti-genotoxic, and cogenotoxic) agents, understanding hepatocarcinogenesis , and for drug targeting studies . HepG2 cells are also employed in trials with bio-artificial liver devices . ==References== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hep G2」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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