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A heptazine, or tri-''s''-triazine or cyamelurine, is a type of chemical compound that consist of a planar triangular core group, C6N7, or three fused triazine rings, with three substituents at the corners of the triangle. The general form is 1,3,4,6,7,9,9b-heptaazaphenalene. The parent compound C6N7H3, where the three substituents are hydrogens, is called 1,3,4,6,7,9-hexaazacyc1()azine or tri-s-triazine proper.〔 Heptazines were discovered in the 19th century but their study has long been hampered by their general insolubility. They are used as flame retardants and have been the object of interest recently for potential applications in electronics materials, explosives, and more. ==History== Jöns Jakob Berzelius first mentioned the heptazines in the 1830s when he discovered a polymeric substance after mercury thiocyanate ignition. Justus von Liebig named the polymer ''melon''.〔Elizabeth K. Wilson (2004), ''Old Molecule, New Chemistry. Long-mysterious heptazines are beginning to find use in making carbon nitride materials''. Chemical & Engineering News, May 26, 2004. (Online version ) accessed on 2009-06-30.〕 Much later in 1937 Linus Pauling showed by x-ray crystallography that heptazines are in fact fused triazines.〔 The unsubstituted heptazine C6N7H3 was synthesized by Ramachandra S. Hosmane and others from the group of N. Leonard in the early 1980s.〔 Ramachandra S. Hosmane, Mitchell A. Rossman, and Nelson J. Leonard (1982), ''Synthesis and Structure of Tri-s-triazine'' J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 104 issue 20, pp 5497–5499. 〕 The structure of Berzelius's melon was confirmed only in 2001.〔〔Macromol. Chem. Phys., vol. 202, p. 19 (2001).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Heptazine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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