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Hereswith
Hereswith or Hereswitha (), also spelt Hereswithe, Hereswyde or Haeresvid, was a 7th-century Northumbrian saint. She married into the East Anglian royal dynasty and afterwards retired to Gaul to lead a religious life. Details of her life and identity come from Bede's ''Historia Ecclesiastica, the ''Anglian collection'' and the ''Lives'' of Edwin of Northumbria and Hilda of Whitby.
== Background ==
The Northumbrian royal descent of Hereswith is traced from Edwin of Northumbria (who ruled from about 616 to 632), the son of Ælle, King of the Northumbrian kingdom of Deira. Hereswith was the daughter of Edwin's nephew, Hereric. After Ælle's death, his heir Edwin was sent into exile by the rulers of the northern Northumbrian kingdom of Bernicia. He had at least two siblings, including a sister named Acha, and was Hereswith's grandfather on her father's side. Edwin was received in exile at the court of the powerful Welsh ruler Cadfan ap Iago of Gwynedd and in childhood he was the companion of Cadfan's son Cadwallon.
During the 590s, Æthelfrith became the most powerful ruler in Northumbria. Following the battle of Degsastan in 603, he became sufficiently powerful to absorb Deira within his rule. In his second marriage Æthelfrith married Edwin's sister Acha. Hereric married Breguswith and had two daughters, Hereswith and her younger sister Hild (born around 613). Hereric was exiled and forced to seek protection in the British kingdom of Elmet, then ruled by Ceretic. During Hereric's exile, Edwin lived at the court of Cearl of Mercia, where he married Cearl's daughter and had two sons. Here he fell under the broader protection of the southern English kingdoms whose overlord was Aethelberht of Kent (ruled from about 560 to 616). During the latter part of Æthelberht's rule, power gravitated towards Rædwald of East Anglia, who had signalled his intention to succeed to the dominion of Æthelberht by receiving baptism in Kent from the Roman mission of Saint Augustine.
Æthelfrith of Northumbria wished to destroy Edwin and before 616 forced him into exile. Edwin sought refuge at the court of Rædwald. Æthelfrith attempted to bribe and threaten Rædwald to surrender Edwin or have him killed, but in 616 Rædwald destroyed the Northumbrian king at the Battle of the River Idle and set Edwin on the Northumbrian throne. Around this time, Hereric was treacherously murdered in Elmet by his British hosts, perhaps at the prompting either of Æthelfrith or of Cadwallon, both of whom wished to control Deira. Breguswith searched for him, but in vain. One of Edwin's first actions as king was to absorb Elmet and exile Ceretic in atonement for this crime and Hereric's family became attached to Edwin's household. Edwin, a pagan, had encountered Christianity both in Cadfan's and Rædwald's courts. It is probable that Hereric had witnessed Christian practises whilst in Elmet.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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