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Herleva
Herleva ( 1003 – c. 1050) also known as Herleve,〔David C. Douglas, ''William the Conqueror'' (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1964), p. 15〕 Arlette,〔Freeman, Edward A. ''The History of the Norman Conquest of England'' (1867), p. 530〕 Arletta〔Palgrave, Sir Francis. ''The History of Normandy and of England'' (1864), p. 145〕 and Arlotte,〔Abbott, Jacob. ''William the Conqueror'' (1903), p. 41〕 and Harlette had three sons – William I of England, who was fathered by Robert I, Duke of Normandy, and Odo of Bayeux and Robert, Count of Mortain, who were both fathered by Herluin de Conteville. All became prominent in William's realm.
==Life==
The background of Herleva and the circumstances of William's birth are shrouded in mystery. The written evidence dates from a generation or two later, and is not entirely consistent, but of all the Norman chroniclers only the Tours chronicler asserts that William's parents were subsequently joined in marriage.〔"''Dux Robertus, nato dicto Guillelmo, in isto eodem anno matrem pueri, quam defloraverat, duxit in uxorem.''" (When the said William had been born, in that same year Duke Robert took as his wife the boy's mother, whom he had deflowered.) quoted in Edward Augustus Freeman, 1870 ''The History of the Norman Conquest of England: II. The reign of Eadward the Confessor'' Note U: The Birth of William1, p615.〕 The most commonly accepted version says that she was the daughter of a tanner named Fulbert from the town of Falaise, in Normandy. The meaning of ''filia pelletarii burgensis''〔''Chronicle of St-Maxentius'' (quoted Freeman 1870:611).〕 is somewhat uncertain, and Fulbert may instead have been a furrier, embalmer, apothecary, or a person who laid out corpses for burial.〔van Houts, Elisabeth M. C., 'The Origins of Herleva, Mother of William the Conqueror', ''English Historical Review'', vol. 101, pp. 399–404 (1986)〕
Some argue that Herleva's father was not a tanner but rather a member of the burgher class.〔McLynn, Frank. ''1066: The Year of the Three Battles''. pp. 21–23 (1999) ISBN 0-7126-6672-9〕 The idea is supported by the appearance of her brothers in a later document as attestors for an under-age William. Also, the Count of Flanders later accepted Herleva as a proper guardian for his own daughter. Both of these would be nearly impossible if Herleva's father was (and therefore her brothers were) a tanner, which would place his standing as little more than a peasant.
Orderic Vitalis described Herleva's father Fulbert as the Duke's Chamberlain (''cubicularii ducis'').〔van Houts, Elisabeth M. C., 'The Origins of Herleva, Mother of William the Conqueror', ''English Historical Review'', vol. 101, pp. 399–404 (1986); Crouch, David 'The Normans- The History of a Dynasty' Hambledon 2002 at pp 52–53 and p58〕
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