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Hebron (Arabic: ; , Standard Hebrew: ; ISO 259-3: ) is a Palestinian〔.〕〔.〕〔.〕〔.〕 city located in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Nestled in the Judaean Mountains, it lies 930 meters (3,050 ft) above sea level. It is the largest city in the West Bank, and the second largest in the Palestinian territories after Gaza, and home to around 175,000 to 250,000 Palestinians,〔''(1 ) (2 ) Hebron page 80, Hebron is in area and has a population of 250,000, according to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics for the year 2007. The figure given here refers to the population of the city of Hebron itself.〕〔.〕 and between 500 and 850 Jewish settlers concentrated in Otniel settlement and around the old quarter.〔David Shulman ('Hope in Hebron,' ) at New York Review of Books 22 March 2013.〕〔;〕〔; ;;.〕〔 for the figure of 700 settlers.〕〔, for the figure of 800 settlers.〕 The city is divided into two sectors: H1, controlled by the Palestinian Authority and H2, roughly 20% of the city, administered by Israel.〔(An Introduction to the City of Hebron )〕 The settlers are governed by their own municipal body, the Committee of the Jewish Community of Hebron. The city is most notable for containing the traditional burial site of the biblical Patriarchs and Matriarchs, within the Cave of the Patriarchs. It is therefore considered the second-holiest city in Judaism after Jerusalem.〔.〕 The city is venerated by Jews, Christians, and Muslims for its association with Abraham.〔.〕 It is viewed as a holy city in Islam and Judaism.〔:'For these reasons after the Arab conquest of 637 Hebron "was chosen as one of the four holy cities of Islam.'〕〔: 'Suleyman considered himself the ruler of the four holy cities of Islam, and, along with Mecca and Medina, included Hebron and Jerusalem in his rather lengthy list of official titles.'〕〔.〕 Hebron is a busy hub of West Bank trade, responsible for roughly a third of the area's gross domestic product, largely due to the sale of marble from quarries.〔.〕 It is locally well known for its grapes, figs, limestone, pottery workshops and glassblowing factories, and is the location of the major dairy product manufacturer, ''al-Junaidi''. The old city of Hebron is characterized by narrow, winding streets, flat-roofed stone houses, and old bazaars. The city is home to Hebron University and the Palestine Polytechnic University.〔.〕 Hebron is attached to cities of ad-Dhahiriya, Dura, Yatta, the surrounding villages with no borders. Hebron Governorate is the largest Palestinian governorate with its population of 600,364 (2010).〔(Hebron Governorate ) pp. 59, 60〕 ==Etymology== The name "Hebron" traces back to two Semitic roots, which coalesce in the form ''ḥbr'', having reflexes in Hebrew and Amorite and denoting a range of meanings from "colleague", "unite" or "friend". In the proper name ''Hebron'', the original sense may have been ''alliance''.〔 compares Amorite ''ḫibrum''. Two roots are in play, ''ḥbr/ḫbr''. The root has magical overtones, and develops pejorative connotations in late Biblical usage.〕 The Arabic term derives from the Qur'anic epithet for Abraham, ''Khalil al-Rahman'' () "Beloved of the Merciful" or "Friend of God".〔Qur'an 4:125/Surah 4 Aya (verse) 125, ''Qur'an'' ()〕 Arabic ''Al-Khalil'' thus precisely translates the ancient Hebrew toponym ''Ḥebron'', understood as ''ḥaber'' (friend). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hebron」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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