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The history of the Jews in Libya stretches back to the 3rd century BCE, when Cyrenaica was under Greek rule. The Jewish population of Libya, a part of the Maghrebi Jewish community continued to populate the area continuously until the modern times. During World War II, Libya's Jewish population was subjected to antisemitic laws by the Fascist Italian regime and deportations by German troops.〔Fendel, Hillel: "(New Middle East at a Glance-Leader by Leader: Part II )" Retrieved March 29, 2011.〕 After the war, anti-Jewish violence caused many Jews to leave the country, principally for Israel, though significant numbers remained in Rome and many later emigrated to various communities in North America. Under Colonel Muammar Gaddafi, who ruled the country from 1969 to 2011, the situation deteriorated further, eventually leading to the emigration of the remaining Jewish population. The last Jew of Libya, 80-year-old Rina Debach, left the country in 2003.〔Fendel, Hillel: "(New Middle East at a Glance-Leader by Leader: Part II )" Retrieved March 29, 2011.〕 ==Ancient history== The oldest trace of a Jewish existence in Libya appears in Sirte, which some Archaeological surveys made on the "Barion" region there dated its Synagogue to the 10th Century BCE, during King Solomon's reign. 〔Khashim, Ali Fahmi, ''Libyan Texts'', (Tripoli - 1967), Page: 218 (Arabic)〕 〔Ahwal, Khalifah Muhammad Salim, ''Jews of Tripoli of the West under Italian Rule (1911-1943)'', (Tripoli - 2005), Page: 190〕 During the Greco-Roman period, Libya corresponded approximately with Cyrene and the territory belonging to it. Jews lived there - including many that moved there from Egypt; Augustus granted Cyrene's Jewish population certain privileges through Flavius, the governor of the province. At the time, they maintained close contact with the Jews in Jerusalem. In 73 CE, during the First Jewish–Roman War in Judea, there was also a revolt by the Jewish community in Cyrene led by Jonathan the Weaver, which was quickly suppressed by the governor Catullus. Jonathan was denounced to the governor of Pentapolis.〔Gottheil, Richard; Krauss, Samuel: "(Libya )" in Jewish Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 14, 2006.〕〔Gottheil, Richard; Krauss, Samuel: "(Cyrene )" in Jewish Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 14, 2006.〕 In vengeance, the Romans then killed him and many wealthy Jews in Cyrene. In 115 CE, another Jewish revolt, known as Kitos War, broke out not only in Cyrene, but also in Egypt and Cyprus.〔"(History of the Jewish Community in Libya )". Retrieved July 1, 2006〕 Several Libyan Jews from this period are known today, such as Jason of Cyrene, whose work is the source of the Second Book of Maccabees, and Simon of Cyrene, who carried the cross of Jesus as Jesus was taken to his crucifixion.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of the Jews in Libya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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