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''Hōkūlea''〔Finney ''et al.'' (1994), p. xiii, offers pronunciation guidance for the boat's name, "The macrons (in Hawaiian ) over vowels indicate that they are longer than unmarked vowels and are stressed. The (called "okina", ) indicates a consonant called a glottal stop. It is similar to the sound between ''oh's'' in the English ''oh-oh''."〕 is a performance-accurate full-scale replica of a ''waa kaulua'',〔 This is available (online ), or (archived by WebCite ).〕〔(Definition of ''Wa‘a Kaulua'' ) from (www.wehewehe.org ) - online Hawaiian dictionary.〕 a Polynesian double-hulled voyaging canoe.〔 A line drawing with vessel specifications, configuration, and parts named.〕〔 Requires Flash, a free downloadable viewer from (Adobe ).〕 Launched on 8 March 1975〔 by the Polynesian Voyaging Society, she is best known for her 1976 Hawaii to Tahiti voyage performed with Polynesian navigation techniques,〔 This section of the Polynesian Voyaging Society web site offers and introduction to techniques; links in the right sidebar provide further information and bibliography.〕 without modern navigational instruments.〔State of Hawaii, House of Representatives, (Twenty-third Legislature, 2006, ''House Resolution 267'' ). Read the text of the State Resolution honoring Master Navigator Mau Piailug and the inaugural crew for their achievements.〕 The primary goal of the voyage was to further support the anthropological theory of the Asiatic origin of native Oceanic people (Oceania maps:detail, region), of Polynesians and Hawaiians in particular, as the result of purposeful trips through the Pacific, as opposed to passive drifting on currents, or sailing from the Americas.〔 Dr. Finney discusses founding of the Polynesian Voyaging Society and gives background on contrasting theories of Polynesian settlement such as Thor Heyerdahl (settlement from Americas), Andrew Sharp (settlement by chance from drift voyaging), and others proposed.〕〔 Gail Evenari, crew on the Tonga-Sāmoa leg of the "''Voyage of Rediscovery''," produced a documentary film on ancient Polynesian voyaging which was broadcast by PBS. The ''Heyerdahl and Sharp'' section of the related PBS website summarizes theories of Polynesian settlement which the ''Hōkūle‘a'' voyages empirically undercut.〕 (Scientific results of 2008, from DNA analysis, illuminate this theory of Polynesian settlement.〔 DNA analysis confirms Polynesians' relationship to Taiwanese Aborigines and East Asians.〕) A secondary goal of the project was to have the canoe and voyage "serve as vehicles for the cultural revitalization of Hawaiians and other Polynesians." (Finney, ''Voyage of Rediscovery'', p. 71)〔Though Finney's ''Voyage of Rediscovery'' is primarily about the nearly two-year voyage of that name, 1985-1987, here Finney speaks about the canoe's original construction and 1976 voyage.〕 Since the 1976 voyage to Tahiti and back, ''Hōkūle‘a'' has completed voyages to Micronesia, Polynesia, Japan, Canada, and the United States, all using ancient wayfinding techniques of celestial navigation. Her last completed voyage began 19 January 2007, when ''Hōkūle‘a'' left Hawaii with the voyaging canoe ''Alingano Maisu'' on a voyage through Micronesia (map) and ports in southern Japan. The voyage was expected to take five months. On 9 June 2007,〔Due to the International Date Line, the voyage was completed on 8 June, Hawaii time.〕 ''Hōkūle‘a'' completed the "One Ocean, One People" voyage to Yokohama, Japan. On April 5, 2009, ''Hōkūle‘a'' returned to Honolulu following a roundtrip training sail to Palmyra Atoll,〔 About the Palmyra Training Sail〕 undertaken to develop skills of potential crewmembers for ''Hōkūle‘a's'' eventual circumnavigation of the earth. On May 18, 2014, ''Hōkūle‘a'' and her sister vessel, Hikianalia embarked from Oahu for "Malama Honua", a three-year circumnavigation of the earth. The journey will cover 47,000 nautical miles with stops at 85 ports in 26 different countries. When not on a voyage, ''Hōkūle‘a'' is moored at the Marine Education Training Center (METC) of Honolulu Community College in Honolulu Harbor. ==Construction== Voyaging canoes were made from wood, whereas ''Hōkūle‘a'' incorporates plywood, fiberglass and resin. ''Hōkūle‘a'' measures LOA, at beam, displaces when empty and can carry another of gear, supplies and 12 to 16 crew. Fully laden, with her sail area, she is capable of speeds of 〔 while reaching in trade winds.〔 Kawaharada adds that the vessel can sail at just over knots in stronger winds and following seas.〕 Her twin masts are rigged either crab claw or Marconi style and a small jib. She is steered with a long paddle. She has no auxiliary motor so she is towed into harbor by her escort vessel when required. Her name means "star of gladness" in Hawaiian, which refers to Arcturus, a guiding zenith star for Hawaiian navigators.〔 Arcturus passes directly overhead at Hawaii's latitude helping sailors find the islands. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hokulea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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