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Hokushin-ron
The was a pre-World War II political doctrine of the Empire of Japan which stated that Manchuria and Siberia were Japan's sphere of interest and that the potential value to Japan for economic and territorial expansion in those areas was greater than elsewhere. Its supporters were sometimes called the ''Strike North Group''. It enjoyed wide support within the Imperial Japanese Army during the interwar period, but was abandoned in 1939 after military defeat on the Mongolian front at the Battles of Khalkhin Gol (known in Japan as the Nomonhan incident). It was superseded by the diametrically-opposite rival policy, the , which regarded Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands as Japan's political end economic sphere of influence and aimed to acquire the resources of European colonies while neutralising the threat of Western military forces in the Pacific.
== Origins ==
From the First Sino-Japanese War in the 1890s, ''Hokushin-ron'' came to dominate Japanese foreign policy. It guided both the Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895) and the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910 which annexed Korea to Japan. After the Russo-Japanese War (1904-5) Field Marshal Prince Yamagata Aritomo, a political and military ideological architect of ''Hokushin-ron'', traced the lines of a defensive strategy against Russia. A February 1907 Imperial National Defence guideline envisioned two strategies: ''Nanshin Hokushin Ron'' (defence in the South and advance in the North) and ''Hokushu Nanshin Ron'' (defence in the North and advance in the South). There was intense discourse within Japan on the two diverging theories. Following World War I, Japanese troops were deployed as part of the Siberian Intervention during the Russian Civil War, with the hope that Japan could be freed from any future Russian threat by detaching Siberia and forming an independent buffer state. The Japanese troops remained until 1922, encouraging discussion by Japanese strategic planners of the idea of permanent Japanese occupation of Siberia east of Lake Baikal.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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