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Horningsham is a small village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, between Warminster and Frome, Somerset. It forms part of the Longleat Estate and has a peculiar form lying somewhere between a classic dispersed settlement and a nucleated village. The village is within the Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It has the P's identified by Country Life (magazine) as essential to a successful village: a pub,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= The Bath Arms )〕 a post office, a place of worship, a primary school and public transport (although limited) It also has a village hall. == History == At Baycliffe Farm, near the boundary with Maiden Bradley, is the site of an early Iron Age settlement. An entry in the Domesday Book describes the village as very small, being occupied by one cottager and four small holders. The name ‘Horninges-ham’ means ‘Horning’s homestead’ in Old English.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=A Key to English Place-Names )〕 The personal name probably comes from the uncomplimentary noun ‘hornung’ meaning ‘bastard’. For more information, see List of generic forms in British place names. Close to the parish boundary on the road to Frome are the remains of Woodhouse Castle. In the 17th century it was owned by the Cavalier Arundel family and consequently attacked during the English Civil War. The damage was so severe that it was impossible to return to the castle when peace was restored. The family moved into Horningsham and built themselves a fine manor house below the church. The parish changed hands several times before the Thynnes purchased it for the second time in 1716. The Vernon family, who held it during the 12th century, were the founders of the village church. The Stantors then held it for the next 200 years, selling to Sir John Thynne c. 1550. After the Civil War the manor was in the possession of the Arundels. Sir John Thynne (Longleat’s builder) had already increased the size of the parish by buying more land. His descendant Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath was very interested in forestry, and engaged Capability Brown to plant large plantations of beech and pine. Gradually forestry and farming were established as the two main sources of employment. The situation did not change until the late 20th century, when tourism took over. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Horningsham」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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