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House of Savoy
The House of Savoy ((イタリア語:Casa Savoia)) is one of the oldest royal families in the world, being founded in year 1003 in the historical Savoy region. Through gradual expansion, it grew from ruling a small county in that region to eventually rule the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1720. Through its junior branch, the House of Savoy-Carignano, it led the unification of Italy in 1861 and ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 until the end of World War II. The House of Savoy ruled unified Italy with Victor Emmanuel II, Umberto I, Victor Emmanuel III, and Umberto II as monarchs. The last monarch ruled for a few weeks before being deposed following the Constitutional Referendum of 1946, after which Republic was proclaimed.〔Ginsborg, Paul -A History of Contemporary Italy: Society and Politics, 1943-1988, pg 98. Online: (A History of Contemporary Italy (Google books) )〕
==History==
The name derives from the historical region Savoy in the Alpine region between what is now France and Italy. Over time, the House of Savoy expanded through judicious marriages to gain political power.〔''The kingdom of Burgundy, the land of the house of Savoy and adjacent territories'', Eugene Cox, The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 5, C.1198-c.1300, ed. Rosamond McKitterick, David Abulafia, (Cambridge University Press, 1999), 365-366.〕 They went from ruling that region to rule almost all of the Italian Peninsula.
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