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Huerteales is the botanical name for an order of flowering plants.〔Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Huerteales". In: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. In: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see ''External links'' below)〕 It is one of the 17 orders that make up the large eudicot group known as the rosids in the APG III system of plant classification.〔 Within the rosids, it is one of the orders in Malvidae, a group formerly known as eurosids II and now known informally as the malvids. This is true whether Malvidae is circumscribed broadly to include eight orders as in APG III, or more narrowly to include only four orders.〔 Huerteales consists of four small families, Petenaeaceae, Gerrardinaceae, Tapisciaceae, and Dipentodontaceae.〔Andreas Worberg, Mac H. Alford, Dietmar Quandt, and Thomas Borsch. 2009. "Huerteales sister to Brassicales plus Malvales, and newly circumscribed to include ''Dipentodon, Gerrardina, Huertea, Perrottetia, and ''Tapiscia''. ''Taxon'' 58(2):468-478.〕 Petenaeaceae consists of a singe genus and species ''Petenaea cordata'' from Southern Mexico, Guatemala and Belize.〔Christenhusz, M. J. M., Fay, M. F., Clarkson, J. J., Gasson, P., Morales Can, J., Jiménez Barrios, J. B. & Chase, M. W. (2010). Petenaeaceae, a new angiosperm family in Huerteales with a distant relationship to ''Gerrardina'' (Gerrardinaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 164: 16–25.〕 Gerrardinaceae consists of a single genus, ''Gerrardina''.〔Mac H. Alford. 2006. "Gerrardinaceae: a new family of African flowering plants unresolved among Brassicales, Huerteales, Malvales, and Sapindales." ''Taxon'' 55(4):959-964.〕 Tapisciaceae has two genera, ''Tapiscia'' and ''Huertea''.〔Klaus Kubitzki. 2003. "Tapisciaceae" pages 369-370. In: Klaus Kubitski and Clemens Bayer (editors). ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' volume V. Springer-Verlag: Berlin;Heidelberg, Germany.〕〔Dezhu Li, Jie Cai, and Wen Jun. 2008. "Tapisciaceae" page 496. In: Zhengyi Wu, Peter H. Raven, and Deyuan Hong (editors). ''Flora of China'' volume 11. Science Press: Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press: St. Louis, Missouri, USA.〕 Until 2006, Dipentodontaceae was treated as consisting of a single genus, ''Dipentodon''.〔Vernon H. Heywood, Richard K. Brummitt, Ole Seberg, and Alastair Culham. ''Flowering Plant Families of the World''. Firefly Books: Ontario, Canada. (2007).〕 Since that time, some authors have included ''Perrottetia'' in Dipentodontaceae, even though no formal revision of the family has been published as of 2008.〔Jinshuang Ma and Bruce Bartholomew. 2008. "Dipentodontaceae" pages 494-495. In: Zhengyi Wu, Peter H. Raven, and Deyuan Hong (editors). ''Flora of China'' volume 11. Science Press: Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press: St. Louis, Missouri, USA.〕 Thus the order Huerteales consists of five genera. The largest genus, ''Perrottetia'', contains about 15 of the approximate total of 25 species in the order.〔Mark P. Simmons. 2004. "Celastraceae" page 50. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor). ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' volume VI. Springer-Verlag: Berlin;Heidelberg, Germany.〕 The Huerteales are shrubs or small trees found in most tropical or warm temperate regions. The flowers of ''Perrottetia'' have been studied in detail,〔Merran L. Matthews and Peter K. Endress (2005). "Comparative floral structure and systematics in Celastrales". ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' 149(2):129-194〕 but otherwise, all five of the genera are poorly known. The order is based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences. ==Description== All of the Huerteales are woody plants. The leaves are alternate with toothed margins. The inflorescence is cymose, but sometimes nearly racemose or umbelliform. The bases of the calyx, corolla and stamens are fused to form a hypanthium which is in some cases very short. The ovary is unilocular, at least at the top, with one or two ovules per carpel. The number of carpels is variable. Other characters are generally found in Huerteales, but with the exceptions noted below. ''Gerrardina'' differs from the rest of Huerteales in that the stamens are opposite the petals, instead of being opposite the sepals. ''Dipentodon'' and ''Perrottetia'' are distinctive in that the calyx and corolla are not well differentiated, but resemble each other. ''Tapiscia'' and ''Huertea'' have a calyx tube and compound, rather than simple leaves. ''Tapiscia'' has a uniloculate ovary with a single ovule.〔 ''Huertea'' has one locule containing two ovules, or two locules, each containing one ovule.〔 ''Gerrardina'', ''Dipentodon'', and ''Perrottetia'' have two ovules in each locule. ''Tapiscia'' lacks the nectary disk that is characteristic of the order. ''Huertea'' lacks stipules. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Huerteales」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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