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Hydroxycarbamide (INN, BAN) or hydroxyurea (USAN, AAN. Brand names include Hydrea, "Litalir" and Droxia) is an antineoplastic drug, first synthesized in 1869, used in myeloproliferative disorders, specifically polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. It is also used to reduce the rate of painful attacks in sickle-cell disease and has antiretroviral properties in diseases such as HIV/AIDS. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medication needed in a basic health system. ==Medical uses== Hydroxycarbamide is used for the following indications: * Myeloproliferative disease (primarily polycythemia vera and essential thrombocytosis). It has been found to be superior to anagrelide for the control of ET. * Sickle-cell disease (breaks down cells that are prone to sickle, as well as increasing fetal hemoglobin content) * AIDS as an adjunct to ''ddI'' in combination antiretroviral therapies * Second line treatment for psoriasis (slows down the rapid division of skin cells) * Psoriasis * Systemic mastocytosis *Chronic myelogenous leukemia (largely replaced by imatinib, but still in use for its cost-effectiveness) * Biochemical research as a DNA replication inhibitor that causes deoxyribonucleotide depletion and results in DNA double strand breaks near replication forks (see DNA repair) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hydroxycarbamide」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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