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A number of traditions have lists of many names of God, many of which enumerate the various qualities of a Supreme Being. The English word "God" is used by multiple religions as a noun or name to refer to different deities.〔 〕 Ancient cognate equivalents for the word "God" include proto-Semitic ''El'', biblical Hebrew ''Elohim'' (God or/of gods), Arabic '''ilah'' (''a'' or ''the'' god), and biblical Aramaic ''Elah'' (God). The personal or proper name for God in many of these languages may either be distinguished from such attributes, or homonymic. For example, in Judaism the tetragrammaton is sometimes related to the ancient Hebrew ''ehyeh'' (I will be). Correlation between various theories and interpretation of the name of "the one God", used to signify a monotheistic or ultimate Supreme Being from which all other divine attributes derive, has been a subject of ecumenical discourse between Eastern and Western scholars for over two centuries.〔Jordan, Mark D. (1983) ''The Names of God and the Being of Names.'' In ''The Existence and Nature of God'', edited by Alfred J. Freddoso, pp. 161–190. University of Notre Dame Press. ISBN 0-268-00911-2〕 In Christian theology the word must be a personal and a proper name of God; hence it cannot be dismissed as mere metaphor.〔((PDF) Sacraments of the Incarnate Word: The Christological Form of the Summa theologiae ) C Wells〕 On the other hand, the names of God in a different tradition are sometimes referred to by symbols.〔Aiyadurai Jesudasen Appasamy, G. S. S. Sreenivasa Rao, ''Inter-faith dialogue and world community''. Christian Literature Society for India (1991) "All these names of God are, of course, symbols. ... All names of the one God or the Absolute are symbols." p. 9 〕 The question whether divine names used by different religions are equivalent has been raised and analyzed.〔Peter C. Phan ''Being religious interreligiously: Asian perspectives on interfaith dialogue.'' 2004 p.102〕 Exchange of names held sacred between different religious traditions is typically limited. Other elements of religious practice may be shared, especially when communities of different faiths are living in close proximity (for example, the use of Om and Gayatri within the Indian Christian community) but usage of the names themselves mostly remain within the domain of a particular religion, or even may help define one's religious belief according to practice, as in the case of the recitation of names of God (such as the japa).〔Jerald D. Gort ''On sharing religious experience: possibilities of interfaith mutuality'' p.146 Encounter of Religions Research Group Rodopi, 1992 ISBN 0-8028-0505-1〕 Guru Gobind Singh's Jaap Sahib, which contains 950 names of God. ''The Divine Names'', the classic treatise by Pseudo-Dionysius, defines the scope of traditional understandings in Western traditions such as Hellenic, Christian, Jewish and Islamic theology on the nature and significance of the names of God.〔Paul Rorem, ''Pseudo-Dionysius: a commentary on the texts and an introduction to their influence.'' Oxford University Press, 1993, p.163 ISBN 0-19-507664-8〕 Further historical lists such as ''The 72 Names of the Lord'' show parallels in the history and interpretation of the name of God amongst Kabbalah, Christianity, and Hebrew scholarship in various parts of the Mediterranean world.〔Valentina Izmirlieva, ''All the names of the Lord: lists, mysticism, and magic'', University of Chicago Press, 2008 ISBN 0-226-38870-0 〕 The attitude as to the transmission of the name in many cultures was surrounded by secrecy. In Judaism, the pronunciation of the name of God has always been guarded with great care. It is believed that, in ancient times, the sages communicated the pronunciation only once every seven years;〔James Orr ''The International Standard Bible encyclopaedia'' Edition: 2—Item notes: v. 1—1959 1915 p. 1267〕 this system was challenged by more recent movements. The nature of a holy name can be described as either personal or attributive. In many cultures it is often difficult to distinguish between the personal and the attributive names of God, the two divisions necessarily shading into each other.〔John S. Mbiti. ''Concepts of God in Africa''. p.217, 1970〕 == Abrahamic religions == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Names of God」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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