|
Höðr (often anglicized as Hod, Hoder, or Hodur〔The name ''Höðr'' is thought to be related to ''höð'', "battle", and mean something like "killer". This would seem to fit with the god's mythological role. In the standardized Old Norse orthography the name is spelled ''(unicode:Hǫðr)'' but the letter '(unicode:ǫ)' is frequently replaced with the Modern Icelandic 'ö' for reasons of familiarity or technical expediency. The name can be represented in English texts as ''Hod'', ''Hoder'', ''Hodur'', ''Hodr'', ''Hödr'', ''Höd'' or ''Hoth'' or less commonly as ''Hödur'', ''Hödhr'', ''Höder'', ''Hothr'', ''Hodhr'', ''Hodh'', ''Hother'', ''Höthr'', ''Höth'' or ''Hödh''. In the reconstructed pronunciation of Old Norse ''Hǫðr'' is pronounced , while the Icelandic pronunciation is , corresponding to the Icelandic spelling ''Höður''. The various anglicizations are pronounced in an ad hoc fashion according to the taste and dialect of the speaker.〕) is a blind god and the brother of Baldr in Norse mythology. Tricked and guided by Loki, he shot the mistletoe arrow which was to slay the otherwise invulnerable Baldr. According to the ''Prose Edda'' and the ''Poetic Edda'', the goddess Frigg, Baldr's mother, made everything in existence swear never to harm Baldr, except for the mistletoe, which she found too unimportant to ask (alternatively, which she found too young to demand an oath from). The gods amused themselves by trying weapons on Baldr and seeing them fail to do any harm. Loki, the mischief-maker, upon finding out about Baldr's one weakness, made a spear from mistletoe, and helped Höðr shoot it at Baldr. In reaction to this, Odin and the giantess Rindr gave birth to Váli, who grew to adulthood within a day and slew Höðr. The Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus recorded an alternative version of this myth in his ''Gesta Danorum''. In this version, the mortal hero Høtherus and the demi-god ''Balderus'' compete for the hand of Nanna. Ultimately, Høtherus slays Balderus. ==The ''Prose Edda''== In the ''Gylfaginning'' part of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda Höðr is introduced in an ominous way. Höðr is not mentioned again until the prelude to Baldr's death is described. All things except the mistletoe (believed to be harmless) have sworn an oath not to harm Baldr, so the Æsir throw missiles at him for sport. The ''Gylfaginning'' does not say what happens to Höðr after this. In fact it specifically states that Baldr cannot be avenged, at least not immediately. It does seem, however, that Höðr ends up in Hel one way or another for the last mention of him in ''Gylfaginning'' is in the description of the post-Ragnarök world. Snorri's source of this knowledge is clearly ''Völuspá'' as quoted below. In the ''Skáldskaparmál'' section of the Prose Edda several kennings for Höðr are related. None of those kennings, however, are actually found in surviving skaldic poetry. Neither are Snorri's kennings for Váli, which are also of interest in this context. It is clear from this that Snorri was familiar with the role of Váli as Höðr's slayer, even though he does not relate that myth in the ''Gylfaginning'' prose. Some scholars have speculated that he found it distasteful since Höðr is essentially innocent in his version of the story. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Höðr」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|