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Højen
Højen or Gammel Skagen on the west side of Skagen Odde is an old fishing community which now forms part of the town of Skagen in the far north of Jutland, Denmark.
==History==
The first building in the Skagen area was built in Højen in the 12th century. It belonged to the shepherd Tronder who became the first of Skagen's fishermen. Højen was the largest community on the peninsula until about 1340 when it was overtaken by what is now Skagen's Vesterby. The first documented reference to Højen occurred in the 15th century when it was a fishing hamlet. In 1884, a beacon was installed to guide mariners to the lighthouses on the tip of Skagen Odde. In 1892, a lighthouse was established in Højen itself, functioning until 1956 when it was replaced by Skagen West Lighthouse. It was demolished in 1956.〔("Højens Fyr" ), Fyrtaarne.dk. Retrieved 13 October 2013.〕 A life-boat station was opened in Gammel Skagen in 1865.〔("Tidstavle" ), Skagen Lokalhistoriske Forening. Retrieved 10 October 2013.〕 From the end of the 19th century, Højen became popular with tourists. In 1888, Rudolph Jeckel opened Jeckels Hotel and in 1904 today's Ruths Hotel was established by Hans Ruth as Vesterhus. Other small hotels opened later.〔
Until 2005, Højen was a station on the Skagensbanen, the railway from Frederikshavn to Skagen which opened in 1890.〔("Skagensbanen" ), Jernbanen.dk. Retrieved 13 October 2013.〕
Over the years, the oldest parts of Højen have been destroyed by coastal erosion while the remaining area has suffered from the effects of drifting sand. There was once a thriving population of around 800 but this was reduced to only 30 a result of these difficulties.〔("Gl. Skagen" ), Coast Alive. Retrieved 13 October 2013.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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