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Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a type of mass spectrometry which is capable of detecting metals and several non-metals at concentrations as low as one part in 1015 (part per quadrillion, ppq) on non-interfered low-background isotopes. This is achieved by ionizing the sample with inductively coupled plasma and then using a mass spectrometer to separate and quantify those ions.
Compared to atomic absorption techniques, ICP-MS has greater speed, precision, and sensitivity. However, compared with other types of mass spectrometry, such as Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GD-MS), ICP-MS introduces a lot of interfering species: argon from the plasma, component gases of air that leak through the cone orifices, and contamination from glassware and the cones.
The variety of applications exceeds that of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and includes isotopic speciation. Due to possible applications in nuclear technologies, ICP-MS hardware is a subject for special exporting regulations.
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