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Institut d'Estudis Occitans
The Institut d'Estudis Occitans (), or IEO, or Occitan Studies Institute, or Institute for Occitan Studies, is a cultural association that was founded in 1945 by a group of Occitan and French writers including Jean Cassou, Tristan Tzara, Ismaël Girard, Max Roqueta, Renat Nelli, and Pierre Rouquette.〔(Post-Medieval Occitan Literature ). The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French, Oxford University Press, 1995, 2005, via Answers.com.〕 It aims at both maintaining and developing the language and influence of Occitania through the supervision, harmonization and normalization of everything dealing with the Occitan life and culture. The IEO is divided into regional and departmental sections and local circles that cover the whole of the country from the cities (called in vernacular language) of Lemòtges and Clarmont up north to Marselha, Tolosa or Bordèu down south. There is even one in Paris. What is the more, a number of carefully targeted activities are sponsored by groups and other associations affiliated with the Institute, or by members themselves. The IEO is the Occitan counterpart of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans. Its motto is ''La fe sens òbras mòrta es'' ((see picture) ) (Dead is faith without works).
==History〔On SEO and IEO History, read "L'IEO e l'occitanisme dempuèi 1945", ''Estudis Occitans'' 18, 2nd semèstre de 1995〕==
A first Institute for Occitan Studies had been created around 1923 as a section of the League of Meridional Homeland (''Ligue de la Patrie Méridionale''), but had a short lifespan.
In 1930, the Society for Occitan Studies (SEO) was founded by Joseph Anglade and Valère Bernard, with Louis Alibert as secretary.〔Joan FOURIÉ, "A l'entorn d'un cinquantenari, la S.E.O. precursor de L'I.E.O. : contribucion a l'istòria del movement occitan", ''Estudis occitans'' n°18, 1995 ISSN 0980-7845〕
At the end of World War II, as both the Felibrige and the SEO had been discredited by the involvement of some of their leaders in the collaboration, some occitanists decided to create a new institution, the IEO, with a clear message: the IEO is an offspring of the Resistance.
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