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Interleukin 23 subunit alpha
Interleukin-23 subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''IL23A'' gene.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=51561 )〕 IL-23 is produced by dendritic cells and macrophages.
Interleukin-23 is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of an IL-12p40 subunit that is shared with IL-12 and the IL-23p19 subunit.〔 A functional receptor for IL-23 (the IL-23 receptor) has been identified and is composed of IL-12R β1 and IL-23R.
== Function ==
IL-23 is an important part of the inflammatory response against infection. It promotes upregulation of the matrix metalloprotease MMP9, increases angiogenesis and reduces CD8+ T-cell infiltration into tumours. IL-23 mediates its effects on both innate and adaptive arms of the immune system that express the IL-23 receptor. Th17 cells represent the most prominent T cell subset that responds to IL-23, although IL-23 has been implicated in inhibiting the development of regulatory T cell development in the intestine. Th17 cells produce IL-17, a proinflammatory cytokine that enhances T cell priming and stimulates the production of other proinflammatory molecules such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, NOS-2, and chemokines resulting in inflammation.
The expression of IL23A is decreased after AHR knockdown in THP-1 cells and primary mouse macrophages http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26416282
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