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The Independent Order of Odd Fellows (IOOF) is a religiously and politically independent fraternal order of odd fellows founded in 1819 by Thomas Wildey in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It was originally chartered by Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity but independent since 1842.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 About us )〕 The order is also known as the ''Triple Link Fraternity'', referring to the order's "Triple Links" symbol, alluding on its motto "Friendship, Love and Truth".〔 While several unofficial Odd Fellows lodges had existed in New York City circa 1806-1818,〔(History of Odd Fellowship ), www.caioof.org〕 because of the charter relationship, the American Odd Fellows is regarded as being founded with ''Washington Lodge No 1'' in Baltimore at the Seven Stars Tavern〔''Volume four, p. 150, Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador'', ISBN 0-9693422-1-7.〕 on April 26, 1819, by Thomas Wildey along with some associates〔 who assembled in response to an advertisement in the New Republic. The following year, the lodge affiliated with the Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity and was granted the authority to institute new lodges. Previously, Wildey had joined the Grand United Order of Oddfellows (1798-) in 1804 but followed through with the split of Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity (1810-) before emigrated to the United States in 1817. In 1842, after an elementary dispute on whether the American lodges were to be involved in decision-making procedures, the American Lodges formed a separate governing system from the English Order, and in 1843 changed their name to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.〔 Independent Order of Odd Fellows became the first fraternity in the United States to include both men and women when it adopted the "Beautiful Rebekah Degree" on September 20, 1851, by initiative of the Honorable Schuyler Colfax. Beyond fraternal and recreational activities, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows promotes philanthropy, ethic of reciprocity and charity, by implied inspiration of Judeo-Christian ethics. The largest Sovereign Grand Lodge of all fraternal orders of odd fellows since the 19th century, it enrolls some 600,000 members divided in approximately 10,000 lodges in 26 countries,〔http://www.ioof.org/IOOF/About_Us/IOOF/About.aspx?hkey=0a2032f6-b188-477c-a8c6-9a4afeb90d17〕〔http://www.oddfellows.de/index.php?id=121〕 inter-fraternally recognised by the second largest, the British-seated Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity.〔(IOOF International Network ), IOOF Grand Lodge of South Australia, www.keyinvest.com.au/ioofsa〕 ==Name== Although chartered in 1819, in 1842, after an elementary dispute on whether the American lodges were to be involved in decision-making procedures, the American lodges formed a separate governing system from the British Manchester Unity of Oddfellows, and in 1843 constited themselves under the name of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.〔 Several theories aim to explain the etymological background of the fraternity, see Odd Fellows#Name. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Independent Order of Odd Fellows」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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