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The Iberian Romance, Ibero-Romance or simply Iberian languages are the Romance languages that developed on the Iberian Peninsula, an area consisting primarily of Spain, Portugal, Gibraltar and Andorra, and in southern France. Originating in Iberia, the most widely spoken Iberian Romance languages are Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan and Galician.〔(Ethnologue: Statistical Summaries )〕 These languages also have their own regional and local dialects. Based on mutual intelligibility, Dalby counts seven languages: Portuguese, Spanish, Astur-Leonese, Aragonese, Catalan, Provençal, and Gascon.〔David Dalby, 1999/2000, ''The Linguasphere register of the world's languages and speech communities.'' Observatoire Linguistique, Linguasphere Press. Volume 2. Oxford.()〕 ==Origins and development== Like all Romance languages, the Iberian Romance languages descend from Vulgar Latin. Vulgar Latin was the nonstandard (in contrast to Classical Latin) form of the Latin language spoken by soldiers and merchants throughout the Roman Empire. With the expansion of the empire, Vulgar Latin came to be spoken by inhabitants of the various Roman-controlled territories. Latin and its descendants have been spoken in Iberia since the Punic Wars, when the Romans conquered the territory (see Roman conquest of Hispania). The modern Iberian Romance languages were formed roughly through the following process: * The Latinisation of the local Iberian population. * The diversification of Latin spoken in Iberia, with slight differences depending on location.〔Penny, p. 16〕 * Development of Old Spanish, Galician-Portuguese, Astur-Leonese and Navarro-Aragonese (West Iberian) and early Catalan language from Latin between the eighth and tenth centuries. The genetic classification of early Catalan and Occitan is uncertain. Some scholars place it within Ibero-Romance (hence it would be East Iberian), others place it within Gallo-Romance. * Further development into modern Castilian, Portuguese, Galician, Catalan, Asturian, Leonese, Mirandese, etc. (see Languages of Iberia: Languages of Spain, Languages of Portugal and Languages of Andorra) between the fifteenth and twentieth centuries. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Iberian Romance languages」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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