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Icarosaurus
''Icarosaurus'' (meaning "Icarus lizard") is an extinct genus of kuehneosaurid reptile from the Late Triassic (Carnian age) Lower Lockatong Formation of New Jersey, dated to around 228 million years ago.〔Berg, T.M., ''et al''. (1983). Stratigraphic Correlation Chart of Pennsylvania: G75, Pennsylvania Geologic Survey, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.〕 It is closely related to lizards and the tuatara. Based on a partial skeleton missing part of the tail, some ribs, a hand, and parts of the legs, it was a small animal, about 10 centimeters (4 in) long from the skull to the hips. Like its relative ''Kuehneosaurus'', it was able to glide short distances using 'wings' consisting of highly elongated ribs covered with skin, with the upper surface convex and the lower surface concave, thus creating a simple airfoil structure well-suited to gliding. This method of gliding is also seen in ''Coelurosauravus'' and the modern ''Draco'', neither of which are closely related to ''Icarosaurus''.
==Discovery and history==
The only known fossil skeleton which definitely belongs to ''Icarosaurus'' was found in 1960 in North Bergen, New Jersey by Alfred Siefker, a teenager at the time, who stumbled upon the specimen while exploring a quarry. Seifker brought the specimen to scientists at the American Museum of Natural History in New York for identification and preparation.〔Wong, K. (2000). "(Icarosaurus Home to Roost )." ''Scientific American'', 27 September 2000. Accessed online 17 December 2010, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=icarosaurus-home-to-roost〕 It was described by paleontologist Edwin Harris Colbert in 1966, who named it ''Icarosaurus siefkeri'' in honor of Siefker.〔
The fossil remained in the collections of the AMNH until the late 1980s. In 1989, Siefker reclaimed the specimen, which he kept in a private collection during the following decade. In 2000, Siefker sold the fossil at auction in San Francisco through the auction house Butterfield & Butterfield, despite concerns from paleontologists that the sale could render the specimen unavailable for scientific study.〔 The fossil sold for US$167,000, only half of its appraised value, to Dick Spight of California. That same year, Spight donated the ''Icarosaurus'' holotype back to the AMNH, where it was put on display 7 October 2000.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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