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Ichthyosauridae is an extinct family of thunnosaur ichthyosaurs from the latest Triassic and Early Jurassic (Rhaetian to Pliensbachian stages) of Europe, and possibly also from the middle Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian or Barremian stage) of Iraq. Named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte, in 1841, it is usually thought to contain a single genus, ''Ichthyosaurus'', which is known from several species from the Early Jurassic. In 2013, Fischer ''et al.'' named and described ''Malawania anachronus'' from the middle Early Cretaceous of Iraq. It was found to share several synapomorphies with the type species of this family, ''Ichthyosaurus communis'', and a large phylogenetic analysis recovered these species as sister taxa. Despite its geologically younger age, ''M. anachronus'' was also assigned to Ichthyosauridae. ==Phylogeny== Fischer ''et al.'' (2013) applied the name Ichthyosauridae Bonaparte, 1841 for the clade that contains ''Malawania anachronus'' and ''Ichthyosaurus communis''. This clade was recovered in the phylogenetic analysis that was based on the largest currently available data matrix of parvipelvian species. Most other phylogenetic analyses, that were based on smaller matrices, also recovered this clade or found ''M. anachronus'' to be in a more basal position. Ichthyosauridae was recovered as the sister taxon of Baracromia, a clade first defined by Fischer ''et al.'' (2013) that includes all other thunnosaurs. The cladogram below follows the large phylogenetic analysis of Fischer ''et al.'' (2013).〔 }} |2= }} |label2= Platypterygiinae |2= }} |2= }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ichthyosauridae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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