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Ikarbus
Ikarbus a.d. (''Ikarbus - Fabrika autobusa i specijanih vozila a.d.'') is a Serbian bus manufacturer based in the Belgrade urban municipality of Zemun. The company was originally established as an aircraft manufacturer in 1923, under the name Ikarus – the first Serbian airplane, car and engine industry ''Kovačević and Co'' in Novi Sad by Dimitrije Konjović, brothers Dušan and Milivoj Kovačević, Đoka Radulović and Josif Mikl.
The company changed its name to ''Ikarbus'' in 1992 due to name usage conflicts with the Hungarian bus manufacturer with the same name.
==History==
The first Serbian industry of airplanes, cars and machinery, IKARUS AD was established in Novi Sad in 1923.〔(Yugoslavia - The Aviation Industry ) at aeroflight.co.uk, retrieved 4-12-2013〕 The firm manufactured a number of foreign designs under licence, such as the French Potez 25, Czechoslovakian Avia BH-33 and English Hawker Fury; Bristol Blenheim as well as the locally-designed Ikarus ŠM; Ikarus IO; SIM-VIII; Ikarus IK-2; Ikarus Orkan. All the company's production facilities were destroyed during World War II, but rebuilt in 1946 and nationalised soon thereafter. Significant post-war aircraft included the Ikarus 451M, Yugoslavia's first domestically-designed and built jet plane (1952), the Ikarus S-451MM that set a world airspeed record in 1957, and the Ikarus S-451M that set one in 1960. After that, aircraft production was relocated to a new aircraft factory SOKO at Mostar, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina.
From 1954 onwards, Ikarus commenced bus production, originally of Sauer and MAN designs under licence, but eventually the company's own designs. In 1992, the company was privatised, and the following year changed its name to Ikarbus.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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