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Ilyushin Il-2
The Ilyushin Il-2 (Cyrillic: Илью́шин Ил-2) Sturmovik〔The Il-2 was never given an official name and 'shturmovik' is the Russian word meaning ground attack aircraft.〕 was a ground-attack aircraft (Cyrillic: Штурмови́к, ''Šturmovík'') produced by the Soviet Union in large numbers during the Second World War. With 36,183 examples of the Il-2 produced during the war, and in combination with its successor, the Ilyushin Il-10, a total of 42,330〔Jane's 1989, p. 529.〕 were built, making it the single most produced military aircraft design in aviation history, as well as one of the most produced piloted aircraft in history along with the American postwar civilian Cessna 172 and the Soviet Union's own then-contemporary Polikarpov Po-2 ''Kukuruznik'' multipurpose biplane, itself sometimes seen side-by-side with the big armored Ilyushin monoplane on the front lines.
To Il-2 pilots, the aircraft was simply the diminutive "Ilyusha". To the soldiers on the ground, it was the "Hunchback", the "Flying Tank" or the "Flying Infantryman". Its postwar NATO reporting name was "Bark".〔Gunston 1995, p. 106.〕 The Il-2 aircraft played a crucial role on the Eastern Front. Joseph Stalin paid the Il-2 a great tribute in his own inimitable manner: when a particular production factory fell behind on its deliveries, Stalin sent an angrily worded cable to the factory manager, stating "They are as essential to the Red Army as air and bread."〔Hardesty 1982, p. 170.〕 "I demand more machines. This is my final warning!"〔Ludeke 2012, p. 251.〕
==Design and development==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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