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Indication (medicine)
In medicine, an indication is a valid reason to use a certain test, medication, procedure, or surgery.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Indication - Medical Definition and More from Merriam-Webster )〕 The opposite of an indication is a contraindication,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Contraindication - Medical Definition and More from Merriam-Webster )〕 a reason to withhold a certain medical treatment due to the harm that it would cause the patient.
==Drugs==
In the United States, indications for medications are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and are included in the package insert under the phrase "Indications and Usage". Most countries and jurisdictions have a licensing body whose duty is to determine whether to approve a drug for a specific indication, based on the relative ''safety'' of the drug and its ''efficacy'' for the particular usage being investigated. The EMA holds this responsibility for the whole of the European Union.
There are different ''classes of indication'' of drugs depending on validity of the benefit gained by the use of specific drug. If the drug usage is officially indicated they are "FDA approved" (also called 'labeled') and if they're prescribed or taken outstanding to its applied indications the term "Non-approved" (or 'off-label') is used.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Indications for Drugs (uses), Approved vs. Non-approved )〕 As the consensus to use the drug increases its class of indication is improved.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Off-Label Use - MeSH Result )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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