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People may face feelings of insignificance due to a number of causes, including having low self-esteem,〔Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center. Available online at: www-nehc.med.navy.mil/Healthy_Living/Psychological_Health/Mental_Health/mmh_selfesteem.aspx. Accessed on Dec. 7, 2011.〕 being depressed, living in a huge, impersonal city,〔 comparing themselves to wealthy celebrity success stories,〔Celeb craze fuels fear of insignificance warns psychologist. ''Indian Express''. Available online at:http://www.indianexpress.com/news/celeb-craze-fuels-fear-of-insignificance-war/751266/. Accessed on Dec. 10, 2011.〕 working in a huge bureaucracy, or being in awe of a natural wonder. ==Psychological factors== A person's "...sense of personal insignificance comes from two primary experiences: (a) the developmental experience with its increasing awareness of separation and loss, transience, and the sense of lost felt perfectibility; and (b) the increasing cognitive awareness of the immutable laws of biology and the limitations of the self and others in which idealization gives way to painful reality." To deal with feelings of insignificance, "...each individual seeks narcissistic reparation through the elaboration of a personal narrative or myth, a story, which gives one's life a feeling of personal significance, meaning, and purpose." These "...myths provide the individual with a personal sense of identity, and they confirm and affirm memberships in a group or community, and provide guidelines and an idealized set of behaviors..., () endorse an explanation for the mysterious universe." 〔Shaw JA. Narcissism as a motivational structure: the problem of personal significance. ''Psychiatry''. 2000 Fall;63(3):219-30.〕 In modern society, people living in crowded, anonymous major cities may face feelings of insignificance. George Simmel's work has addressed the issue of how the "dissociation typical of modern city life, the freeing of the person from traditional social ties as from each other" can lead to a "loss or diminution of individuality." Moreover, when a person feels like "...just another face in the crowd, an object of indifference to strangers", it can "lead to feelings of insignificance..."〔 Individuals working in large, bureaucratic organizations who do not have "concrete evidence of success" may have "feelings of insignificance, disillusionment, and helplessness, which are the hallmarks of burnout.〔Newman, Meredith A.., Mastracci, Sharon H.. and Guy, Mary E.. "Burnout versus Making a Difference: The Hidden Costs and Benefits of Emotion Work" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC, Sep 01, 2005 People facing an acute depression constantly have "()uiltiness and insignificance feelings".〔"Acute depression". Available online at: www.total-health-care.com/depression/acute-depression.htm. Accessed on Dec. 7, 2011〕 People facing issues of inferiority, due to the subjective, global, and judgmental self-appraisal that they are deficient may also have feelings of insignificance.〔Gerald Corey. ''Theory and Practice of Group Counseling''. Cengage Learning, 2011. p.170.〕 In the book ''The Fear of Insignificance'', psychologist Carlo Strenger "...diagnoses the wide-spread fear of the global educated class of leading insignificant lives."〔Amazon Book Description. Available at: www.amazon.com/Fear-Insignificance-Searching-Meaning-Twenty-First/dp/0230113753. Accessed on Dec. 10, 2011.〕 Strenger warns "...that the global celebrity culture is adding fuel to the 'fear of insignificance' by undermining one’s self-image and sense of self-worth." He noted that "...over recent years people around the world have been suffering from an increasing fear of their own 'insignificance'." He argues that the "impact of the global infotainment network on the individual is to blame,", because it has led to the creation of "a new species...homo globalis - global man." In this new system, people "...are defined by our intimate connection to the global infotainment network, which has turned ranking and rating people on scales of wealth and celebrity into an obsession." Strenger states that "...as humans we naturally measure ourselves to those around us, but now that we live in a “global village” we are comparing ourselves with the most “significant” () people in the world, and finding ourselves wanting." He notes that "...in the past being a lawyer or doctor was a very reputable profession, but in this day and age, even high achievers constantly fear that they are insignificant when they compare themselves to () success stories in the media. Strenger claims that this "...creates highly unstable self-esteem and an unstable society."〔 Alain de Botton describes some of the same issues in his book ''Status Anxiety''. Botton's book examines people's anxiety about whether they are judged a success or a failure. De Botton claims that chronic anxiety about status is an inevitable side effect of any democratic, ostensibly egalitarian society. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Insignificance」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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