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Ishq or išq ((アラビア語:عشق)); ((ウルドゥー語:عشق)), in classical Persian, literally means 'love'. ''Ishq'' does not appear in the Quran, which instead uses the verb habba (حَبَّ) and its derivatives, for example the noun hubb (حُبّ). Moreover, in Modern Arabic the relevant terms dominantly used are: ''habba'' and its derived forms ''hubb, habib, mahbub'', etc.〔M. Heydari-Malayeri (On the origin of the word ešq )〕 The word is derived from ''‘ashiqah'', a vine: the common belief is that when love takes its root in the heart of a lover, everything other than God is effaced.〔(Din al-Muhabbat )〕 The term "Ishq" is excessively used by Sufis in their poetry and literature to describe their selfless and 'burning love for Allah'. It is the core concept in the doctrine of Islamic mysticism as it is the key to the connection between man and God. Ishq itself was the basis of 'creation'. ==Etymology〔M. Heydari-Malayeri (On the origin of the word ešq )〕== In most languages such as Dari: eshq; in Pashto: eshq; in Turkish: in Somali: caashaq or (cishqi); aşk and in Azerbaijani: eşq), in modern Persian as ešq or eshgh عشق, it literally means "love". ešq (عشق) used in Persian and Arabic ('išq), may have an Indo-European origin. and may be related to Avestan iš- "to wish, desire, search", aēša- "desire, search", išaiti "he wishes", išt "wished for, beloved", išti- "aspiration, aim", and suggests that it derives from *iška. Avestan iš- is cognate with Sanskrit eṣ- "to wish, strive for, seek", icchā- "wish, desire", icchati "seeks for, wishes", iṣta- "beloved, sought", iṣti- "search, desire", Pali icchaka- "wishing, desirous". Note also that this word exists in Middle Persian in the form of išt "desire", as attested by Farahvaši. In contrast, the origin mentioned by traditional Persian lexicographers for ešq is the Arabic 'išq (عشق), from 'ašaq (عَشَق) "to stick, to cleave to". The latter is itself derived from 'ašaqa (عَشَقَه) the plant commonly called lablâb (لَبلاب) ("a kind of ivy"), because it twines upon trees, and cleaves to them (Zamaxšari, Tâj al-'arus). It is interesting to note that ešq lacks a Hebrew counterpart; the Hebrew term for love is ahav, which is akin to Arabic habba (حَبَّ). Another Hebrew term used in the Old Testament is xašaq "to desire; to attach; delight, pleasure" (for example, Deu 10:15, 21:11; 1 Ki 9:19; Exo 27:17, 38:17; Gen 34:8). According to Prof. Scott B. Noegel, the Hebrew xašaq and Arabic 'ašaq are etymologically unrelated. The Hebrew x (heth) can equate either with an Arabic h (ḥā') or x (xā') and the Hebrew 'ayn can equate either with an Arabic 'ayn or qayn, but they do not mix. Also, typically the Hebrew š (shin) is reflected by an Arabic s (sin), and vise versa. As for the meanings, the similarity is a coincidence. Also, they are not ultimately of the same meaning. Hebrew x-š-qprobably meant "to bind" or "press together", as does its Aramaic equivalent. Similarly, Prof. Werner Arnold underlines that Hebrew x in word initial positions is always an Arabic h (ḥā') and never 'ayn. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ishq」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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