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Israelis ((ヘブライ語:ישראלים) ''Yiśraʾelim'', (アラビア語:الإسرائيليين) ''al-ʾIsrāʾīliyyin'') are citizens or permanent residents of the State of Israel, a multiethnic society that is home to people of different national backgrounds. The largest ethnic groups in Israel are Israeli Jews, followed by Israeli Arabs. Within the Jewish population, the majority are Mizrahim, including several hundred thousand Israeli-born Jews, whose family origins hail from multiple diaspora backgrounds, both Ashkenazi and Mizrahi. Large-scale aliyah in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries from Jewish diaspora communities in Europe and Yemen and more recent large-scale aliyah from North Africa, Western Asia, North America, South America the Former Soviet Union and Ethiopia introduced many new cultural elements and have had profound impact on Israeli culture. Israelis and people of Israeli descent live all over the world: in the United States, India, Canada, the United Kingdom, throughout Europe, and elsewhere. As many as 750,000 Israelis, about 10 percent of the general population of Israel, are estimated to be living abroad.〔.〕 ==Population== (詳細はJews, 20.7% non-Jewish Arabs, and 4.0% other.〔(), Monthly Bulletin of Statistics, CBS〕 Israel's official census includes Israeli settlers in the occupied territories (referred to as "disputed" by Israel). 280,000 Israeli settlers live in settlements in the Judea and Samaria Area,〔 190,000 in East Jerusalem,〔 and 20,000 in the Golan Heights. Among Jews, 70.3% were Sabras, mostly second- or third-generation Israelis, and the rest are olim. Of the olim, 20.5% are from Europe and the Americas, and 9.2% from Asia, Africa, and Mideastern countries.〔 Nearly half of all Israeli Jews are descended from olim from the European Jewish diaspora. Approximately the same number are descended from olim from Arabic-speaking countries, Iran, Turkey and Central Asia. Over two hundred thousand are of Ethiopian and Indian Jewish descent.〔http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton.html?num_tab=st02_23x&CYear=2005〕 The official Israel Central Bureau of Statistics estimate of the Israeli Jewish population does not include Israeli citizens, mostly Russian Jewish-descendants, who are registered as "others", as well as their immediate family members. Defined as non-Jews and non-Arabs, they make up about 3.5% of Israelis (350,000), and were eligible for Israeli citizenship under the Law of Return.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Jewish Demographic Policies )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Israel (people) )〕 Israel's two official languages are Hebrew and Arabic. Hebrew is the primary language of government and is spoken by the majority of the population. Arabic is spoken by the Arab minority and by some members of the Mizrahi Jewish community. English is studied in school and is spoken by the majority of the population as a second language. Other languages spoken in Israel include Russian, Yiddish, Spanish, Ladino, Amharic, Armenian, Georgian, Romanian, Polish and French. In recent decades, between 650,000 and 1,300,000 Israelis have emigrated,〔Andrew I. Killgore.("Facts on the Ground: A Jewish Exodus from Israel" ) Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, March 2004, pp.18-20〕 a phenomenon known as Yerida. The emigrants have various reasons for leaving, but they are generally a combination of economic and political concerns. Los Angeles is home to the largest community of Israelis outside Israel. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Israelis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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