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Itapira
Itapira is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 72,967 (2015 est.) in an area of 518 km².〔(Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística )〕 The elevation is 643 m.
==History==
Settlement began in the 18th century, and from 1820 a town grew around the chapel of ''Nossa Senhora da Penha''. It became a municipality under the same name ''Nossa Senhora da Penha'' in 1858, when it was separated from Mogi Mirim. In 1875 it was renamed ''Penha do Rio do Peixe'', after the nearby river, Rio do Peixe. In 1890 it was renamed ''Itapira''.〔(IBGE ), history〕
The small town gained unwelcome fame after a widely-publicized murder in February 1888. The campaign to abolish slavery was then at its height (and was finally successful two months later). Already, many slaves were absconding. The local police chief, Joaquim Firmino de Araújo Cunha, known for his abolitionist views, was rumoured to protect and assist runaway slaves. An angry group of local farmers surrounded his house and beat him to death.〔( The Economist, December 21, 2013 )〕
The murder and the subsequent trial (no-one was convicted) attracted much newspaper coverage, making Penha Rio do Peixe notorious. Two years later the town asked for its name to be changed to Itapira (a name drawn from the Tupi language).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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