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Itsukushima Shrine (Japanese: 厳島神社 ''Itsukushima-jinja'') is a Shinto shrine on the island of Itsukushima (popularly known as Miyajima), best known for its "floating" torii gate.〔Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2005). ("''Itsukushima-jinja''" ) in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 407.〕 It is in the city of Hatsukaichi in Hiroshima Prefecture in Japan. The shrine complex is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the Japanese government has designated several buildings and possessions as National Treasures. ==History== ''Itsukushima jinja'' was the chief Shinto shrine (''ichinomiya'') of Aki Province. 〔("Nationwide List of ''Ichinomiya''," p. 3 ); retrieved 2012-11-20.〕 The shrine has been destroyed several times, but the first shrine buildings were probably erected in the 6th century. The present shrine dates from the mid-16th century, and is believed to follow an earlier design from the 12th century. That design was established in 1168, when funds were provided by the warlord Taira no Kiyomori. The shrine was designed and built on pier-like structures over the bay so that it would appear to be floating on the water, separate from the sacred island, which could be approached by the devout. Near the main shrine is a ''noh'' stage which dates from 1590.〔 ''Noh'' theater performances have long been used to pay homage to the gods through the ritual acting out of key events in Shinto myth. The dramatic gate, or ''torii'', of Itsukushima Shrine is one of Japan's most popular tourist attractions, and the most recognizable and celebrated feature of the Itsukushima shrine, and the view of the gate in front of the island's Mount Misen is classified as one of the Three Views of Japan (along with the sand bar Amanohashidate, and Matsushima Bay). Although a gate has been in place since 1168, the current gate dates back only to 1875.〔 The gate, built of decay-resistant camphor wood, is about 16 metres high. The placement of an additional leg in front of and behind each main pillar identifies the ''torii'' as reflecting the style of ''Ryōbu Shintō'' (dual Shinto), a medieval school of esoteric Japanese Buddhism associated with the Shingon Sect. The ''torii'' appears to be floating only at high tide. When the tide is low, it is approachable by foot from the island. Gathering shellfish near the gate is also popular at low tide. At night, powerful lights on the shore illuminate the ''torii''. On September 5, 2004, the shrine was severely damaged by Typhoon Songda. The boardwalks and roof were partially destroyed, and the shrine was temporarily closed for repairs. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Itsukushima Shrine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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